Which of the following teaching method is not democratic?

A teaching method is democratic when it centers the process on active student participation, collaboration, and shared decision-making, with the teacher acting as a facilitator rather than the sole source and controller of knowledge. A method is teacher-centered (autocratic or expository), by contrast, when the teacher transmits content one-way while learners stay largely passive recipients with no say in the pace or direction of the session.

Checking each offered method against this test: a method that involves students planning, carrying out, and reflecting on an activity together, or that requires them to talk, question, and reach conclusions collectively, qualifies as democratic. A method built around one-way delivery from a single speaker to a listening audience, with the audience given no role in shaping the content or pace, does not.

• Project method: students plan and carry out an extended activity themselves under guidance, taking decisions about how to proceed — participative by design, so it does not fit a method that is not democratic.

• Participatory method: it is named for the very feature this question tests for, active learner involvement in the process — inherently democratic, so it does not fit a method that is not democratic.

• Group discussion: depends on dialogue among peers, with each participant contributing and influencing the outcome — collaborative and democratic, so it does not fit a method that is not democratic.

• Lecture method: is a one-way, teacher-controlled delivery where students mainly listen and take notes, with no structured opportunity to shape the content, pace, or direction of the session — teacher-centered, which is exactly what ‘not democratic’ describes here.

Lecture method is therefore the teaching method that is not democratic, because it is teacher-centered one-way delivery rather than shared student participation.