Which major infrastructure-related issue in science education in rural India…

Concept

Science kits are portable collections of apparatus and materials designed for hands-on observations and experiments.

Their central role is to provide practical-work resources where a full laboratory or its equipment is unavailable; they supplement physical infrastructure rather than replacing teachers or rewriting curricula.

Application

In a rural school without adequate laboratory facilities, a science kit brings basic equipment into the classroom so learners can perform or observe experiments. It therefore directly addresses the practical-access gap named in the question.

Contrast

• Overcomplicated science textbooks concern the design and readability of learning materials; addressing them requires clearer content and presentation.

• Excessive focus on lecture methods concerns instructional practice; addressing it requires a pedagogical shift toward participation and inquiry.

• Shortage of qualified teachers concerns recruitment, preparation, and staffing.

• Lack of laboratory facilities concerns access to apparatus and materials for practical work, the resource gap for which science kits are designed.

Cross-check

Providing a kit immediately adds usable experiment resources, while the same action neither appoints teachers nor rewrites textbooks. This confirms that the directly addressed issue is the lack of laboratory facilities.

Result

The best-supported answer among the offered values is “Lack of laboratory facilities.”