Directions: In the question below, a statement is followed by two assumptions…
2023
Directions: In the question below, a statement is followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. Consider the statement and decide which assumption or assumptions are implicit in it.
Statement: Children these days are highly influenced by the characters in the TV shows they watch.
Assumption I: Children consider these characters their role models.
Assumption II: For many children, watching TV shows is their favourite pastime.
Answer: D. Neither I nor II is implicit — ConceptAn assumption is implicit only if the statement needs that unstated premise in order to hold. Apply the negation test: deny the assumption and ask…
- A.
Only assumption I is implicit
- B.
Only assumption II is implicit
- C.
Either I or II is implicit
- D.
Neither I nor II is implicit
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Concept
An assumption is implicit only if the statement needs that unstated premise in order to hold.
Apply the negation test: deny the assumption and ask whether the statement can still remain meaningful and possible.
Application
Test Assumption I: Deny that children regard TV characters as role models. Children can still be strongly influenced by a character’s speech, behaviour, appearance, or even negative portrayal without treating that character as a role model. Therefore, the statement can stand without Assumption I.
Test Assumption II: Deny that watching TV is a favourite pastime. A child may watch TV only occasionally and still be strongly influenced by a character during that limited viewing. Therefore, the statement can also stand without Assumption II.
Contrast
‘Only assumption I is implicit’ unnecessarily makes role-model status a condition for influence.
‘Only assumption II is implicit’ unnecessarily makes favourite-pastime status a condition for influence.
‘Either I or II is implicit’ introduces an exclusive alternative even though neither premise is necessary.
Cross-check
Cross-check: the negation of I and the negation of II are each compatible with the original statement. Hence neither assumption is forced by the statement.
Assumption | Negation result | Effect on the statement |
|---|---|---|
I | Children do not treat the characters as role models. | Influence is still possible. |
II | TV viewing is not a favourite pastime. | Influence is still possible. |
Result
Therefore, neither I nor II is implicit.