Direction : In these questions some of the sentences have errors and some have…

Concept:

An adjective modifies only a noun or pronoun — it cannot modify another adjective. When a descriptive word precedes a compound/participial adjective (such as ‘long-drawn’, ‘far-reaching’, ‘long-standing’) to indicate its DEGREE or MANNER, rather than adding an independent, coordinate description of the noun, an ADVERB is required, not an adjective.

Application:

1. Part (A), ‘The compulsions on the Election Commission,’ is a straightforward noun phrase with the preposition correctly placed — grammatically sound.

2. Part (B), ‘of India to stretch the exercise into a,’ correctly links the possessive phrase to the infinitive clause — grammatically sound.

3. Part (C), ‘painful long-drawn process are unclear,’ uses ‘painful’ immediately before the compound adjective ‘long-drawn’ to intensify HOW long-drawn the process is — not as a second, coordinate description of ‘process’ (a genuinely coordinate reading would normally need a comma or ‘and’: ‘a painful, long-drawn process’). Since ‘painful’ here qualifies the degree of ‘long-drawn’ rather than describing ‘process’ directly, it must take the adverb form ‘painfully’.

4. Part (D), ‘No Error,’ cannot be correct because a genuine grammatical error exists in part (C).

Cross-check:

Rewriting part (C) as ‘…painfully long-drawn process are unclear’ resolves the issue: ‘painfully’ (adverb) now correctly modifies the compound adjective ‘long-drawn.’ The absence of a comma or ‘and’ between ‘painful’ and ‘long-drawn’, together with the natural collocation ‘painfully long-drawn’, confirms this modifying (not coordinate) reading — the error is in part (C).