In a 60 liters of mixture of spirit and water, water is 7%. In order to make…

Concept: For any mixture, (quantity of one component) / (total quantity) = percentage of that component / 100. When a pure quantity of one component (here, water) is added, the added amount increases BOTH the numerator (that component) AND the denominator (the total) by the same value — so the new ratio is found by re-equating the fraction to the target percentage and solving for the unknown added amount.

Application (step-by-step):

1. Compute the initial amount of water: 7% of 60 = 0.07 × 60 = 4.2 liters.

2. Let y be the liters of water added. Then new water = 4.2 + y and new total = 60 + y.

3. Set up the equation for 19% water: (4.2 + y) / (60 + y) = 19/100.

4. Solve the equation: 100(4.2 + y) = 19(60 + y) → 420 + 100y = 1140 + 19y → 81y = 720 → y = 720/81 = 80/9 liters.

Cross-check: With y = 80/9, water = 4.2 + 80/9 = 589/45 liters and total = 60 + 80/9 = 620/9 = 3100/45 liters. Ratio = 589/3100 = 0.19 = 19% exactly, confirming the value.

Answer: 80/9 liters (approximately 8.89 liters).