Let A be a 4 × 4 matrix with eigenvalues -5, -2, 1, and 4. Which of the…

2007

Let A be a 4 × 4 matrix with eigenvalues -5, -2, 1, and 4. Which of the following is an eigenvalue of the block matrix

[A  I]
[I  A]

where I is the 4 × 4 identity matrix?

  1. A.

    -5

  2. B.

    -7

  3. C.

    2

  4. D.

    1

Attempted by 3 students.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Let v be an eigenvector of A corresponding to eigenvalue λ, so Av = λv.

For the block matrix B = [A  I; I  A]:

B [v; v] = [Av + v; v + Av] = [(λ + 1)v; (λ + 1)v], so λ + 1 is an eigenvalue.

B [v; -v] = [Av - v; v - Av] = [(λ - 1)v; -(λ - 1)v], so λ - 1 is also an eigenvalue.

Therefore, for eigenvalues -5, -2, 1, and 4 of A, the block matrix has eigenvalues:
-6, -4, -3, -1, 0, 2, 3, and 5.

Among the options, 2 is an eigenvalue.

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