Basic Concepts & Short Tricks

Duration: 9 min

This video lesson is available to enrolled students.

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Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. Child Development and Pedagogy: विकास की अवधारणा / Concept of Development, विकास के मनोवैज्ञानिक सिद्धांत / Psychological Theories of Development, व्यक्तिगत भिन्नताएँ, व्यक्तित्व एवं जेंडर / Individual Differences, Personality and Gender, बुद्धि एवं सृजनात्मकता / Intelligence and Creativity, अधिगम एवं इसके सिद्धांत / Learning and Its Theories, बालक कैसे सोचते एवं सीखते हैं / How Children Think and Learn, संवेग, अभिप्रेरणा, मानसिक स्वास्थ्य एवं निर्देशन / Emotion, Motivation, Mental Health and Guidance, समावेशी शिक्षा / Inclusive Education, शिक्षण-अधिगम प्रक्रिया / Teaching-Learning Process, शिक्षण विधियाँ एवं रणनीतियाँ / Teaching Methods and Strategies, आकलन एवं मूल्यांकन / Assessment and Evaluation, पाठ योजना और शिक्षण कौशल / Lesson Planning and Teaching Skills, शिक्षण संसाधन और शैक्षिक प्रौद्योगिकी / Teaching Resources and Educational Technology, कक्षा प्रबंधन और सम्प्रेषण / Classroom Management and Communication, शिक्षक पहचान और व्यावसायिक विकास / Teacher Identity and Professional Development, शैक्षिक विचारक, उद्देश्य एवं राष्ट्रीय नीतियाँ / Educational Thinkers, Aims and National Policies, जीवन कौशल, मूल्य, शांति एवं पर्यावरण शिक्षा / Life Skills, Values, Peace and Environmental Education, सामाजिक विज्ञान शिक्षणशास्त्र / Social Science Pedagogy, सामाजिक एवं राजनीतिक जीवन / Social and Political Life, विज्ञान शिक्षण शास्त्र / Science Pedagogy
  2. Language I — Hindi: भाषा, लिपि और वर्ण-विचार, संधि, शब्द-स्रोत और शब्द-रचना, समास, शब्द-भेद: विकारी और अविकारी, लिंग, वचन, कारक, काल और वाच्य, वाक्य-विचार और शुद्ध लेखन, शब्द-भंडार, रस, छंद, अलंकार और शब्द-शक्ति, हिंदी साहित्य, अपठित बोध, हिंदी शिक्षणशास्त्र, शिक्षा में ICT / ICT in Education
  3. Language II — English: Sounds, Spelling and Word Formation, Parts of Speech, Nouns and Pronouns, Articles, Determiners and Adjectives, Verbs and Modals, Tenses and Subject–Verb Agreement, Adverbs, Prepositions and Conjunctions, Sentence Structure, Voice and Narration, Vocabulary, Sentence Correction and Writing Skills, Poetry and English Literature, Reading Comprehension, Pedagogy of English Language
  4. Language II — Urdu: رسم الخط، املا اور تلفظ, ذخیرۂ الفاظ, قواعد, محاورے اور ضرب الامثال, شعر و سخن, اردو ادب کی تاریخ, تفہیمِ عبارت, اردو کی تدریس
  5. Language II — Sanskrit: वर्णविचारः एवं संज्ञाप्रकरणम्, सन्धिप्रकरणम्, शब्दरूपाणि, धातुरूपाणि, कारकाणि एवं विभक्तयः, उपसर्गाः एवं अव्ययानि, प्रत्ययप्रकरणम्, समासप्रकरणम्, वाच्यप्रकरणम्, संख्याज्ञानम्, शब्दज्ञानम् एवं अनुवादः, अपठितावबोधनम्, संस्कृतसाहित्यम् एवं काव्यशास्त्रम्, संस्कृतशिक्षणशास्त्रम्
  6. Mathematics: संख्या पद्धति एवं स्थानीय मान / Number System & Place Value, मूलभूत संक्रियाएँ, सरलीकरण एवं पैटर्न / Basic Operations, Simplification & Patterns, गुणनखंड, विभाज्यता, म.स.प. एवं ल.स.प. / Factors, Divisibility, HCF & LCM, भिन्न एवं दशमलव / Fractions & Decimals, वर्ग, घन, घातांक एवं करणी / Squares, Cubes, Exponents & Surds, मापन: लंबाई, भार, धारिता, समय एवं मुद्रा / Measurement: Length, Mass, Capacity, Time & Money, बीजगणित / Algebra, अनुपात, समानुपात, औसत एवं आयु / Ratio, Proportion, Average & Ages, प्रतिशत, लाभ-हानि एवं ब्याज / Percentage, Profit–Loss & Interest, समय-कार्य एवं चाल-दूरी / Time & Work and Speed–Distance, रेखाएँ, कोण, आकृतियाँ एवं निर्देशांक / Lines, Angles, Shapes & Coordinates, त्रिभुज, चतुर्भुज, वृत्त एवं त्रिकोणमिति / Triangles, Quadrilaterals, Circles & Trigonometry, क्षेत्रमिति: परिमाप, क्षेत्रफल एवं आयतन / Mensuration: Perimeter, Area & Volume, आँकड़ा प्रबंधन, सांख्यिकी एवं प्रायिकता / Data Handling, Statistics & Probability, गणित शिक्षणशास्त्र / Mathematics Pedagogy, गणितीय संक्रियाएँ एवं अंकगणितीय तर्क / Mathematical Operations & Arithmetical Reasoning
  7. Environmental Studies: परिवार, मित्र और समुदाय / Family, Friends and Community, पौधे / Plants, जंतु / Animals, खेती और पशुपालन / Farming and Animal Husbandry, भोजन और पोषण / Food and Nutrition, शरीर और स्वास्थ्य / Body and Health, जल / Water, आवास / Shelter, यात्रा, परिवहन और संचार / Travel, Transport and Communication, मानचित्र, दिशाएँ और भारत / Maps, Directions and India, हम क्या बनाते और करते हैं / Things We Make and Do, पृथ्वी, आकाश और आपदाएँ / Earth, Sky and Disasters, पर्यावरण, पारिस्थितिकी और वन्यजीव / Environment, Ecology and Wildlife, प्राकृतिक संसाधन, प्रदूषण और जलवायु परिवर्तन / Natural Resources, Pollution and Climate Change, पर्यावरण अध्ययन का शिक्षणशास्त्र / Pedagogy of Environmental Studies, प्राचीन भारत का इतिहास / Ancient Indian History, पृथ्वी, ग्लोब एवं मानचित्र / Earth, Globe and Maps, भौतिक भूगोल / Physical Geography, प्राकृतिक वनस्पति, वन्य जीवन एवं विश्व के प्रदेश / Natural Vegetation, Wildlife and World Regions, भारत का भूगोल / Geography of India, संसाधन एवं विकास / Resources and Development, भारतीय संविधान / Indian Constitution, सरकार: केंद्र, राज्य एवं स्थानीय / Government: Union, State and Local, बल, दाब, कार्य एवं ऊर्जा / Force, Pressure, Work and Energy, ऊष्मा एवं ध्वनि / Heat and Sound, प्रकाश / Light, ब्रह्मांड एवं प्राकृतिक परिघटनाएँ / Universe and Natural Phenomena, पदार्थ एवं उसकी संरचना / Matter and Its Structure, धातु, अधातु एवं दैनिक उपयोग की सामग्री / Metals, Non-metals and Materials of Daily Use, सजीव जगत: वर्गीकरण, कोशिका एवं ऊतक / Living World: Classification, Cell and Tissues, मानव शरीर एवं अंग तंत्र / Human Body and Organ Systems, भोजन, पोषण एवं स्वास्थ्य / Food, Nutrition and Health, पर्यावरण एवं पारिस्थितिकी / Environment and Ecology, उत्तर प्रदेश सामान्य ज्ञान / Uttar Pradesh GK, पादपों में पोषण, परिवहन एवं जनन / Plants: Nutrition, Transport and Reproduction, खेल जगत / Sports, अंतरराष्ट्रीय संबंध एवं संगठन / International Relations & Organisations, प्रमुख नियुक्तियाँ एवं पदधारक / Key Appointments & Office Holders
  8. अतिरिक्त अभ्यास / Extra Practice (beyond syllabus): भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था: आँकड़े एवं समसामयिकी / Indian Economy: Data & Current Affairs, भारतीय कला एवं संस्कृति / Indian Art & Culture, विज्ञान एवं प्रौद्योगिकी / Science & Technology, पर्यावरण एवं जलवायु समसामयिकी / Environment & Climate Affairs, रक्षा एवं सुरक्षा / Defence & Security, स्थिर सामान्य ज्ञान / Static General Knowledge, सरकारी योजनाएँ, शासन एवं आधारभूत संरचना / Government Schemes, Governance & Infrastructure, क्रम, बैठक व्यवस्था एवं पहेली / Ranking, Seating Arrangement & Puzzles, कैलेंडर एवं घड़ी / Calendar & Clock, पासा एवं घन / Dice & Cubes, मध्यकालीन भारत का इतिहास / Medieval Indian History, औपनिवेशिक भारत एवं समाज सुधार / Colonial India and Social Reform, भारतीय राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन एवं स्वतंत्र भारत / Indian National Movement and Independent India, प्रौद्योगिकी, मापन एवं गति / Technology, Measurement and Motion, रासायनिक अभिक्रियाएँ, अम्ल, क्षार एवं लवण / Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases and Salts, अर्थशास्त्र एवं भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था / Economics and Indian Economy, विद्युत एवं चुंबकत्व / Electricity and Magnetism, बिहार सामान्य ज्ञान / Bihar GK, राजस्थान सामान्य ज्ञान / Rajasthan GK, पाठ्यचर्या और विद्यालयी गतिविधियाँ / Curriculum and School Activities, कंप्यूटर हार्डवेयर एवं परिधीय उपकरण / Computer Hardware and Peripherals
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

This educational video is a lecture on calendar problems, specifically focusing on determining the day of the week for a given date. The instructor, Yash Jain Sir, begins by posing the question: "On what day does 21 June 1984 lie?" He then systematically breaks down the problem using a step-by-step method. The first step involves calculating the total number of days from a known reference point, which is 1984. He explains that a year has 365 days, a leap year has 366, and a week has 7 days. He calculates the total days from 1984 to the present, noting that 1984 is a leap year. The second step is to find the remainder when the total number of days is divided by 7, which gives the number of odd days. The video then transitions to a section on how to identify leap years, explaining the rule: a year is a leap year if it is divisible by 4, but if it is a century year (ending in 00), it must be divisible by 400. The final part of the video covers a method for finding the day of the week for a future date, using a table that assigns a code to each day of the week (e.g., Monday = 1, Tuesday = 2, etc.). The instructor demonstrates this by calculating the day of the week for the 23rd day of a month, given that the 1st is a Monday. The video concludes with a summary of the key concepts and a thank you message.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The video opens with a title card showing a calendar and the word "CALENDAR". The main content begins with a question displayed on a green banner: "On what day does 21 June 1984 lie?". The instructor, Yash Jain Sir, is visible in a small window in the bottom right corner. The background is a blackboard with various educational doodles. The instructor introduces the topic of calendar problems and states that the video will solve the question in 60 seconds. He begins by explaining the basic components of a calendar: Year, Months, Weeks, and Days. He writes "Year" on the board and explains that a year has 365 days, which is an ordinary year. He then writes "Months" and states there are 12 months. He writes "Weeks" and says there are 52 weeks. Finally, he writes "Days" and explains that a week has 7 days. He also mentions that a leap year has 366 days. The instructor then begins to calculate the total number of days from 1984 to the present, starting with the year 1984.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The instructor continues the calculation of the total number of days. He writes "365" on the board, representing the number of days in an ordinary year. He then writes "366" for a leap year. He explains that to find the day of the week, we need to find the remainder when the total number of days is divided by 7. He writes "365 / 7 = 52 weeks and 1 odd day". He then explains that a leap year has 366 days, which is 52 weeks and 2 odd days. He writes "366 / 7 = 52 weeks and 2 odd days". He then calculates the total number of odd days from 1984 to the present. He writes "1984" on the board and explains that 1984 is a leap year. He then calculates the number of odd days from 1984 to 2023. He writes "1984" and then "2023". He calculates the number of years between 1984 and 2023, which is 39 years. He then calculates the number of leap years in that period. He writes "39" and then "10". He explains that there are 10 leap years in that period. He then calculates the total number of odd days. He writes "39 * 1 = 39" and "10 * 2 = 20". He adds these together to get 59. He then divides 59 by 7 to get the remainder, which is 3. He writes "59 / 7 = 8 weeks and 3 odd days". He then explains that the day of the week for 21 June 1984 is 3 days after the day of the week for 1 January 1984. He then moves on to the next part of the video.

  3. 5:00 – 9:03 05:00-09:03

    The video transitions to a new section titled "Helpful Tips". The instructor explains how to determine if a year is a leap year. He writes the rule on the board: "A year is a leap year if it is divisible by 4, but if it is a century year (ending in 00), it must be divisible by 400." He gives examples: 1996 is a leap year because 1996 / 4 = 499. 2019 is not a leap year because 2019 / 4 = 504.75. 1600 is a leap year because 1600 / 400 = 4. 1700 is not a leap year because 1700 / 400 = 4.25. The instructor then moves on to the next topic: finding the day of the week for a future date. He writes a table on the board that assigns a code to each day of the week: Monday = 1, Tuesday = 2, Wednesday = 3, Thursday = 4, Friday = 5, Saturday = 6, Sunday = 7. He then gives an example: "If today is Monday, then what will be the day on 23rd?" He explains that the 23rd is 22 days after the 1st. He calculates 22 / 7 = 3 weeks and 1 odd day. He then adds 1 to the code for Monday (1 + 1 = 2), which corresponds to Tuesday. He then moves on to the next topic: the number of odd days in a century. He writes a table on the board that shows the number of odd days in different centuries: 100 years = 5 odd days, 200 years = 3 odd days, 300 years = 1 odd day, 400 years = 0 odd days. He explains that this is because 400 years have 97 leap years and 303 ordinary years, which gives a total of 365*303 + 366*97 = 146097 days, which is exactly 20871 weeks. The video ends with a thank you message.

The video provides a comprehensive, step-by-step guide to solving calendar problems. It begins with a clear problem statement and systematically breaks down the solution into logical steps. The instructor first establishes the fundamental concepts of days, weeks, and years, then introduces the concept of 'odd days' as the key to solving the problem. The method involves calculating the total number of odd days from a reference year to the target year and using the remainder to determine the day of the week. The video also covers essential prerequisite knowledge, such as the rules for identifying leap years and the number of odd days in a century. The use of a table to assign codes to days of the week provides a practical method for calculating future days. The overall structure is logical and pedagogically sound, making it an effective resource for students preparing for competitive exams.

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