In a half-adder circuit, what are the outputs?

A half-adder is a combinational arithmetic circuit that adds two single-bit binary numbers (A and B). It produces two specific outputs to account for the results of binary addition:

• Sum (S): This represents the "least significant bit" of the addition. It is implemented using an XOR gate, following the logic:

  • 0 + 0 = 0

  • 0 + 1 = 1

  • 1 + 0 = 1

  • 1 + 1 = 0 (with a carry)

• Carry (C): This represents the "most significant bit" or the overflow. It is implemented using an AND gate, appearing only when both inputs are 1 (1 + 1 = 10 in binary).