Course module

Paper - 1 | Unit - 2 | Research Aptitude — UGC NET Commerce (Paper 1 + Paper 2)

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Lessons
49
Duration
—
PYQs
1129
Practice
236

9% of this course's PYQ weight is covered in this module.

Syllabus index

Lessons in this module

अनुसंधान: अर्थ, लक्षण व वैज्ञानिक विधि / Research: Meaning, Features and Scientific Method

अनुसंधान का अर्थ एवं उद्देश्य / Meaning and Objectives of Research

  1. [Notes] Meaning, Definition & Scope of ResearchPdf
  2. [Notes] Significance & Purpose of ResearchPdf

वैज्ञानिक विधि एवं ज्ञान के स्रोत / Scientific Method and Sources of Knowledge

  1. [Notes] Empirical & Cyclical Nature of ResearchPdf
  2. [Notes] Systematic, Logical & Objective ApproachPdf

अनुसंधान के प्रतिमान एवं उपागम / Research Paradigms and Approaches

सत्तामीमांसा, ज्ञानमीमांसा एवं पद्धतिशास्त्र / Ontology, Epistemology and Methodology

  1. [Notes] Epistemology, Axiology & OntologyPdf

उत्तर-प्रत्यक्षवाद एवं यथार्थवाद / Post-positivism and Realism

  1. [Notes] Developments under Post-PositivismPdf

आगमनात्मक एवं निगमनात्मक उपागम / Inductive and Deductive Approaches

  1. [Notes] Deductive vs Inductive Research ApproachesPdf

गुणात्मक, मात्रात्मक एवं मिश्रित उपागम / Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Approaches

  1. [Notes] Characteristics & Types of Qualitative ResearchPdf
  2. [Notes] Classification of Research – Qualitative, Quantitative, MixedPdf

अनुसंधान के प्रकार / Types of Research

क्रियात्मक एवं सहभागी अनुसंधान / Action and Participatory Research

  1. [Notes] Research Based on Application – Fundamental, Applied, Action, Participatory, EthnographicPdf

अनुदैर्ध्य एवं अनुप्रस्थ अध्ययन / Longitudinal and Cross-sectional Studies

  1. [Notes] Types Based on Time Frame – Longitudinal, Cross-Sectional, CohortPdf

चर एवं मापन / Variables and Measurement

चर एवं उनके प्रकार / Variables and their Types

  1. [Notes] Types of Variables (Independent, Dependent, Control, Extraneous, etc.)Pdf

विश्वसनीयता एवं मापन त्रुटि / Reliability and Measurement Error

  1. [Notes] Reliability – Types & Applications (Inter-rater, Test-retest, etc.)Pdf
  2. [Notes] Research Errors – Random vs SystematicPdf

अनुसंधान की विधियाँ / Methods of Research

वर्णनात्मक सर्वेक्षण विधि / Descriptive Survey Method

  1. [Notes] Research Based on Data Collection – Case Study, Observation, SurveyPdf

अनुसंधान के चरण / Steps of Research

अनुसंधान प्रक्रिया का क्रम / Sequence of the Research Process

  1. [Notes] Overview of the Research ProcessPdf

शोध समस्या का चयन एवं निरूपण / Selection and Formulation of a Research Problem

  1. [Notes] Selecting & Defining a Research ProblemPdf

साहित्य समीक्षा / Review of Literature

  1. [Notes] Purpose & Steps of Literature ReviewPdf

परिकल्पना / Hypothesis

  1. [Notes] Formulating HypothesisPdf

शोध अभिकल्प / Research Design

  1. [Notes] Structured vs Unstructured ResearchPdf

बाह्य वैधता / External Validity

  1. [Notes] Accuracy, Credibility & GeneralisabilityPdf

शोधकर्ता एवं प्रतिभागी प्रभाव / Researcher and Participant Effects

  1. [Notes] Biases in Experimental Design (Halo, Rivalry, Apprehension, etc.)Pdf
  2. [Notes] Objectivity Measures – OverviewPdf

प्रतिचयन / Sampling

असंभाव्यता प्रतिचयन / Non-probability Sampling

  1. [Notes] Sampling Fundamentals – Types, Probability & Non-Probability SamplingPdf

प्रतिचयन एवं गैर-प्रतिचयन त्रुटियाँ / Sampling and Non-sampling Errors

  1. [Notes] Sampling & Non-Sampling ErrorsPdf

आँकड़ा संग्रह के उपकरण एवं विधियाँ / Tools and Methods of Data Collection

प्राथमिक एवं द्वितीयक आँकड़े / Primary and Secondary Data

  1. [Notes] Methods of Research Information Gathering (Primary & Secondary Sources)Pdf

आँकड़ा विश्लेषण एवं शोध सांख्यिकी / Data Analysis and Statistics in Research

प्रायिकता वितरण, विषमता एवं ककुदता / Probability Distributions, Skewness and Kurtosis

  1. [Notes] Statistical Properties of Data (including Skewness & Kurtosis)Pdf

सांख्यिकीय अनुमान एवं परिकल्पना परीक्षण / Statistical Inference and Hypothesis Testing

  1. [Notes] Testing of Hypothesis & VariablesPdf

अप्राचलिक परीक्षण / Non-parametric Tests

  1. [Notes] Non-Parametric Tests – Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, K-S, Runs Test, etc.Pdf

शोध-प्रबंध एवं लेख लेखन / Thesis and Article Writing

शोध-प्रबंध एवं लघु शोध-प्रबंध का प्रारूप / Thesis and Dissertation Format

  1. [Notes] Thesis/Dissertation Format – Prefatory Pages, Main Body & Terminal SectionsPdf
  2. [Notes] Differences between Thesis, Dissertation & Research ArticlePdf

शोध प्रकाशन एवं सहकर्मी समीक्षा / Research Publication and Peer Review

  1. [Notes] Research Review & Peer Review Process – Types & ImportancePdf

शोध प्रभाव मापदंड / Research Impact Metrics

  1. [Notes] Impact Factor, h-index, CiteScore & Other Research MetricsPdf

अनुसंधान में ICT का अनुप्रयोग / Application of ICT in Research

आँकड़ा विश्लेषण सॉफ़्टवेयर / Data Analysis Software

  1. [Notes] Digital Tools & Initiatives in Research – OverviewPdf

शोध नैतिकता / Research Ethics

शोध नैतिकता के सिद्धांत एवं निगरानी / Principles of Research Ethics and Oversight

  1. [Notes] Principles, Importance & Benefits of Ethical ResearchPdf

सूचित सहमति एवं प्रतिभागी संरक्षण / Informed Consent and Participant Protection

  1. [Notes] Ethical Issues Related to Participants & Data ProtectionPdf

साहित्यिक चोरी: स्तर एवं दंड / Plagiarism – Levels and Penalties

  1. [Notes] Plagiarism – Types, Levels & DetectionPdf

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