Stack Practice questions

Duration: 7 min

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Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. General Intelligence & Reasoning: Analogy, Non Verbal Reasoning (Spatial Aptitude) (Spatial Reasoning) (Visual Reasoning), Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Coding Decoding, Blood Relations, Directions (Direction Test), Ranking, Order and Sequence, Logical Sequence Of Words, Syllogisms, Venn Diagram, Deductive and Inductive Reasoning (Logical Deduction and Induction) (Prepositional Reasoning), Selection Decision Table (Decision Making), Data Sufficiency, Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Data Arrangement, Cubes & Dices, Calendar, Clock, Arithmetic, Number System, HCF LCM, Verbal Analogy (Word Based Analogy), Visual Recognition and Figure Completion, Paper Folding and Cutting, Transformation of Shapes, Clocks and Calendars, Direction Sense, Cubes and Dice, Patterns in Two-Dimensional Figures, Seating Arrangements, Analogy and Classification, Logical Deduction and Induction, Alphabet and Word Tests, Mathematical Operations, Series Completion, Simplification and Approximation, Coding and Decoding, Numerical Reasoning, Assembling and Grouping of Shapes, Three-Dimensional Patterns and Visualization, Vocabulary, Number System, Averages, Mixtures and Alligation, Simple and Compound Interest, Percentages, Algebra, Speed, Time and Distance, Seating and Arrangement Puzzles, Traverse Surveying, Order, Ranking and Sequence, Constraint Puzzles, Syllogisms and Venn Diagrams, Reading Comprehension, Critical Reasoning, Permutations and Combinations, Narrative Sequencing, Project Monitoring, Resources and Safety, Profit, Loss and Discount, Ratio and Proportion, Time and Work, Mensuration, Data Interpretation, Powers, Surds and Logarithms, Sequences and Series, Articles and Determiners, Sentence Completion, Data Sufficiency, Blood Relations, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Mixture and Alligation, Sequence and Series (Series), Speed Time and Distance, Algebra, Profit and Loss, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Permutation and Combination
  2. General Awareness: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Geography, Polity, Indian Economy, Environment, Static General Knowledge, GK- Current Affairs, Artificial Intelligence, MS Office Applications, Terms & Abbreviations, Keyboard Shortcuts, Evolution of Indian Banking (Banking & Financial Awareness), Emerging Tech Trends
  3. Engineering Mathematics: Set Theory, Relations, Functions, Graph Theory, Group Theory, Propositional and Predicate Logic, Linear Algebra, Calculus, Probability, Statistics, Signal Space and Optimum Detection, Probability, Statistics
  4. Digital Logic: Digital Systems & Boolean Basics, Logic Gates & Hardware, Boolean Expression, Boolean Minimization, Combinational Circuit, Sequential Circuits, Number System, Number Representation, Floating Point Rep, Number Systems and Codes, Registers and Counters, Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates, Microprocessors and Microcontrollers, Logic Families and CMOS Logic, Microprocessors, Logic Gates and Boolean Algebra, Minimization of Boolean Functions, Timing, Hazards and Testing, Logic Families, Combinational Logic Design, Arithmetic Circuits, Waveform Generators and Timer Circuits, Semiconductor Memories and Programmable Logic Devices, Combinational Logic Circuits, Latches and Flip-Flops, Finite State Machines, Sequential Circuits and State Machines, Minimization of Boolean Functions, Arithmetic Circuits, Latches and Flip-Flops, Number Systems and Codes, Registers and Counters
  5. Computer Organisation & Architecture: Basics of COA, Cache Memory Organization, Input Output Organisation, Pipelining, Instr Formats & Modes, Control Unit Design, Programming the Basic Computer, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Semiconductor Memories and Programmable Logic, Processor Organization and Instructions, Memory Hierarchy and Input/Output, Registers and Counters
  6. Programming & Data Structures: C Fundamentals, Control Flow, Functions, Arrays & Pointers, Storage Classes, Structures & Enums, DMA, Macros, Scoping & File Handling, Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing, HTML Basics, OOPS with C++, Java, Object Oriented Technology
  7. Databases: Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, SQL, Relational Calculus, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control, Database Recovery, Database Security & Authorization
  8. Algorithms: Algorithm Analysis, Time Complexity Analysis, Sorting Algorithms, Greedy Algorithms, Dynamic Programming, Minimum Spanning Trees, Shortest Path Algos
  9. Theory of Computation: Introduction to TOC, Deterministic FA (DFA), Non-Deterministic FA, Regular Expressions, Grammar, Regular Language Properties, Moore & Mealy Machines, Pushdown Automata & CFG, Turing Machines, Complexity Theory
  10. Compiler Design: Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization, Run Time Environment
  11. Operating System: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Threads & Process Creation, Deadlock, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Security, Windows OS, Distributed Systems, Unix OS, Linux OS
  12. Computer Networks: Introduction to CN, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer, Hardware Basics, Data Communication, Website, Browser & Services, Web Design & Development, Network Security, Cyber Threats and Malware Attacks, Cyber Safety and Security
  13. Full Length Mock Tests:
  14. Sectional Tests:
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

The video presents a computer science problem asking to identify the functionality of a specific C function named `fun`. The instructor systematically analyzes the code by tracing its execution with a concrete example, `n = 81`. He explains the recursive logic where the function divides the input by 3 repeatedly. The core concept is determining whether a number is a power of 3 based on its divisibility properties. The instructor contrasts a valid case (81) with an invalid case (21) to verify the function's behavior against the provided multiple-choice options. The lesson emphasizes understanding base cases and recursive steps in algorithm analysis.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The session begins with the instructor writing `n = 81` on the whiteboard to serve as a test input. He notes that 81 is a multiple of 3 ($3 imes 27$). He starts the trace for `fun(81)`. The first condition `if (n == 0 || n == 1)` evaluates to false. The second condition `if (n % 3 != 0)` is also false because 81 is perfectly divisible by 3. Consequently, the code executes `return fun(n/3)`, which translates to a recursive call `fun(27)`. He writes `fun(81) -> fun(27)` on the board to visualize the call stack. He highlights that the function keeps dividing by 3 as long as the remainder is zero.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The instructor continues the trace for `fun(27)`. He writes `27 % 3 = 0` and `27/3 = 9`, leading to `fun(9)`. The process repeats: `fun(9)` calls `fun(3)`, and `fun(3)` calls `fun(1)`. Upon reaching `n = 1`, the base case `if (n == 0 || n == 1)` becomes true, and the function returns `1`. To ensure this isn't a coincidence, he tests `n = 21`. `21 % 3 = 0` leads to `fun(7)`. Since `7 % 3` is not 0, the function returns `0`. This confirms the function returns 1 for powers of 3 and 0 otherwise. He writes `21/3 = 7` and `7 % 3 = 1` to show the failure point where the condition `if (n % 3 != 0)` becomes true.

  3. 5:00 – 7:20 05:00-07:20

    The instructor summarizes the findings by drawing a visual chain: $81 ightarrow 27 ightarrow 9 ightarrow 3 ightarrow 1$. He explicitly writes $3^4 = 81$ to reinforce that 81 is a power of 3. He reviews the options: (A) claims it returns 1 for multiples of 3, which is incorrect because 21 is a multiple but returns 0. (C) and (D) are also incorrect based on the return values. He selects option (B): "It returns 1 when n is a power of 3, otherwise returns 0". He crosses out the incorrect options to finalize the answer. He emphasizes that the function essentially checks if the number can be reduced to 1 by repeated division by 3, which is the definition of a power of 3.

The lecture provides a clear methodology for debugging recursive functions. By manually stepping through the recursion stack with specific inputs, the instructor deduces the mathematical property the code implements. The distinction between "multiple of 3" and "power of 3" is the key takeaway, demonstrated through the contrasting traces of 81 and 21. The visual aids, such as the call chain and the modulo calculations, are crucial for understanding the flow. The final conclusion solidifies the relationship between the code logic and the mathematical concept of powers.

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