CPU and IO Bound Process

Duration: 3 min

This video lesson is available to enrolled students.

Return to /learn/SSC-JE-IMD-SCIENTIFIC-ASSISTANT-COMPUTER-SCIENCE/operating-system/process-management/schedulers-switching/asset-cpu-and-io-bound-process after enrolling

Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. General Intelligence & Reasoning: Analogy, Non Verbal Reasoning (Spatial Aptitude) (Spatial Reasoning) (Visual Reasoning), Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Coding Decoding, Blood Relations, Directions (Direction Test), Ranking, Order and Sequence, Logical Sequence Of Words, Syllogisms, Venn Diagram, Deductive and Inductive Reasoning (Logical Deduction and Induction) (Prepositional Reasoning), Selection Decision Table (Decision Making), Data Sufficiency, Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Data Arrangement, Cubes & Dices, Calendar, Clock, Arithmetic, Number System, HCF LCM, Verbal Analogy (Word Based Analogy), Visual Recognition and Figure Completion, Paper Folding and Cutting, Transformation of Shapes, Clocks and Calendars, Direction Sense, Cubes and Dice, Patterns in Two-Dimensional Figures, Seating Arrangements, Analogy and Classification, Logical Deduction and Induction, Alphabet and Word Tests, Mathematical Operations, Series Completion, Simplification and Approximation, Coding and Decoding, Numerical Reasoning, Assembling and Grouping of Shapes, Three-Dimensional Patterns and Visualization, Vocabulary, Number System, Averages, Mixtures and Alligation, Simple and Compound Interest, Percentages, Algebra, Speed, Time and Distance, Seating and Arrangement Puzzles, Traverse Surveying, Order, Ranking and Sequence, Constraint Puzzles, Syllogisms and Venn Diagrams, Reading Comprehension, Critical Reasoning, Permutations and Combinations, Narrative Sequencing, Project Monitoring, Resources and Safety, Profit, Loss and Discount, Ratio and Proportion, Time and Work, Mensuration, Data Interpretation, Powers, Surds and Logarithms, Sequences and Series, Articles and Determiners, Sentence Completion, Data Sufficiency, Blood Relations, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Mixture and Alligation, Sequence and Series (Series), Speed Time and Distance, Algebra, Profit and Loss, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Permutation and Combination
  2. General Awareness: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Geography, Polity, Indian Economy, Environment, Static General Knowledge, GK- Current Affairs, Artificial Intelligence, MS Office Applications, Terms & Abbreviations, Keyboard Shortcuts, Evolution of Indian Banking (Banking & Financial Awareness), Emerging Tech Trends
  3. Engineering Mathematics: Set Theory, Relations, Functions, Graph Theory, Group Theory, Propositional and Predicate Logic, Linear Algebra, Calculus, Probability, Statistics, Signal Space and Optimum Detection, Probability, Statistics
  4. Digital Logic: Digital Systems & Boolean Basics, Logic Gates & Hardware, Boolean Expression, Boolean Minimization, Combinational Circuit, Sequential Circuits, Number System, Number Representation, Floating Point Rep, Number Systems and Codes, Registers and Counters, Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates, Microprocessors and Microcontrollers, Logic Families and CMOS Logic, Microprocessors, Logic Gates and Boolean Algebra, Minimization of Boolean Functions, Timing, Hazards and Testing, Logic Families, Combinational Logic Design, Arithmetic Circuits, Waveform Generators and Timer Circuits, Semiconductor Memories and Programmable Logic Devices, Combinational Logic Circuits, Latches and Flip-Flops, Finite State Machines, Sequential Circuits and State Machines, Minimization of Boolean Functions, Arithmetic Circuits, Latches and Flip-Flops, Number Systems and Codes, Registers and Counters
  5. Computer Organisation & Architecture: Basics of COA, Cache Memory Organization, Input Output Organisation, Pipelining, Instr Formats & Modes, Control Unit Design, Programming the Basic Computer, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Semiconductor Memories and Programmable Logic, Processor Organization and Instructions, Memory Hierarchy and Input/Output, Registers and Counters
  6. Programming & Data Structures: C Fundamentals, Control Flow, Functions, Arrays & Pointers, Storage Classes, Structures & Enums, DMA, Macros, Scoping & File Handling, Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing, HTML Basics, OOPS with C++, Java, Object Oriented Technology
  7. Databases: Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, SQL, Relational Calculus, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control, Database Recovery, Database Security & Authorization
  8. Algorithms: Algorithm Analysis, Time Complexity Analysis, Sorting Algorithms, Greedy Algorithms, Dynamic Programming, Minimum Spanning Trees, Shortest Path Algos
  9. Theory of Computation: Introduction to TOC, Deterministic FA (DFA), Non-Deterministic FA, Regular Expressions, Grammar, Regular Language Properties, Moore & Mealy Machines, Pushdown Automata & CFG, Turing Machines, Complexity Theory
  10. Compiler Design: Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization, Run Time Environment
  11. Operating System: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Threads & Process Creation, Deadlock, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Security, Windows OS, Distributed Systems, Unix OS, Linux OS
  12. Computer Networks: Introduction to CN, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer, Hardware Basics, Data Communication, Website, Browser & Services, Web Design & Development, Network Security, Cyber Threats and Malware Attacks, Cyber Safety and Security
  13. Full Length Mock Tests:
  14. Sectional Tests:
  15. Paper 2 - Full-length Mock Tests:
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

The video lecture provides a comprehensive overview of process execution cycles, specifically focusing on the distinction between CPU-bound and I/O-bound processes. The instructor explains that a process execution consists of a cycle involving CPU execution or wait states and I/O execution or wait states. He defines CPU-bound processes as those that generate I/O requests infrequently and spend more time doing computations, while I/O-bound processes spend more time doing I/O. The lecture concludes by discussing the importance of the Long-Term Scheduler in selecting a good process mix to ensure system balance and performance.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The instructor introduces the concept of process execution cycles using a slide titled "CPU Bound and I/O Bound Processes." He explains that a process execution consists of a cycle of CPU execution or wait and I/O execution or wait. The slide text notes that normally a process alternates between two states, beginning with a CPU burst that may be followed by an I/O burst, then another CPU and I/O burst, and so on. He emphasizes that eventually, the process will end up on a CPU burst, keeping the process switching between CPU and I/O during execution. He physically underlines the text "CPU execution or wait" and circles the title terms to emphasize the core concepts. At one point, he writes the word "Break" on the screen, likely illustrating a pause in execution.

  2. 2:00 – 3:25 02:00-03:25

    The slide updates to provide formal definitions. "I/O Bound Processes" are defined as processes that spend more of their time doing I/O than computations. Conversely, "CPU Bound Processes" generate I/O requests infrequently, using more of their time doing computations. The instructor highlights the importance of the long-term scheduler selecting a good process mix. He explains that if all processes are I/O bound, the ready queue will almost always be empty, leaving the short-term scheduler with little to do. Similarly, if all processes are CPU bound, the I/O waiting queue will almost always be empty, devices will go unused, and the system will be unbalanced. Thus, the LTS needs to select a good combination of I/O and CPU bound processes for best system performance. A copyright banner for "Knowledge Gate Eduventures" is visible at the bottom.

The lecture effectively bridges the gap between theoretical process cycles and practical system scheduling. By defining the characteristics of CPU-bound and I/O-bound processes, the instructor sets the stage for understanding why a balanced mix is crucial. The key takeaway is that system performance relies heavily on the Long-Term Scheduler's ability to admit a diverse set of processes, preventing resource starvation in either the CPU or the I/O devices.

Loading lesson…