Concepts, Short Tricks & Questions (1)

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

This aptitude lecture introduces blood-relation problem solving through concepts, shortcuts, and worked examples. It begins with a long relationship riddle (Question 22 about Sonam), then classifies question types: General, Coded Blood Relation, Indicating Blood Relation, and Puzzle Type. The instructor builds a generation hierarchy on the whiteboard (grandparents to children), distinguishes direct from indirect relations, and introduces paternal/maternal distinctions. A worked family-tree example (A father of B, etc.) demonstrates chart drawing and answering sub-questions like “How is X related to A?” Coded blood relation symbols (+, -, *, /, @) are defined and applied in expressions such as P + Q * R - S. Multiple-choice coded questions follow, then indicating blood relation statements (Raj’s lady; Sarita/Neha) are solved by diagramming. The final segment covers a six-person puzzle (L, M, N, O, P, Q) and a Shobha/Ashish/Priya/Kamla/Hari puzzle, ending with an abstract transition screen.

Chapters

1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

   The session opens with an aptitude class slide showing Question 22: “Sonam asked her brother's paternal grandmother's husband's only daughter's son's only maternal uncle's wife to get… a chocolate. Whom did … for a chocolate?” The instructor stands beside the projected slide, gestures with both hands while holding a pen, and red checkmarks appear next to the question text. This frames the lesson as logical-reasoning/aptitude practice, specifically a complex relationship riddle that will be addressed through the concepts introduced later.

2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

   A slide titled “Types of Questions” lists General Questions, Coded Blood Relation, Indicating Blood Relation, and Puzzle Type Questions, each marked with a hand-drawn check; a curly brace groups the last three beside two star symbols. The instructor then moves to a whiteboard under the pink heading “Concept of Generation,” drawing horizontal lines and filling in family terms such as “uncle, aunt” above a line labeled “Your generation,” with other visible labels including “Nephew, Niece, (kids),” “GF/G,” “father,” and “wife, husband.” This establishes the generational framework used for all later blood-relation problems.

3. 5:00 – 10:00 05:00-10:00

   The whiteboard hierarchy expands from grandparents (GF/GM) down through father, mother, uncle, aunt; your generation (brother, sister, wife, husband); and nephew, niece, kids. The instructor adds “friends” and “nibba-nabbi” as non-blood relations, then writes “Types of Relation,” distinguishing direct relation with codes (F-S)(F-D)(H-W) from indirect relation with (B-S)(S-S), an arrow pointing to “nephew / niece / aunt / uncle.” A boxed note shows “GF” with an arrow and a circled word below. Later, “transparent → cousins” is marked with an X while “Opaque → cousine” is underlined and checked, introducing a shortcut for cousin-type relations.

4. 10:00 – 15:00 10:00-15:00

   The lesson transitions to “Drawing Relationship Chart,” with a circled “BR” and underlines, then a small diagram reading “F — M” with a vertical line down to “S.” A slide lists typical sub-questions: “How is X related to A,” “Number of males,” “Number of females,” “How is C related to R,” “How is A related to C,” and “How is C related to A.” The instructor begins a family-tree problem involving A, B, C, R, and X, writing “A” with a male symbol and “B” below it on the whiteboard, then adding R, X, and C to complete the diagram with gender symbols beside each individual.

5. 15:00 – 20:00 15:00-20:00

   The family tree for “A is father of B, B is the father of C. R is the daughter of A, X is the wife of B” is completed: “A+” at top linked to “B+,” with “R-” double-lined (married) and “X-” single-lined to B+, and “C (gender)” below. The instructor writes answers beside sub-questions, including “daughter in law” for part a) and later “Paternal Aunt ✓” with “nephew/niece.” Additional labels appear on the tree: “Paternal grandfather (G1),” “Chacha/Chachi,” “Bhabhi,” and an arrow from C to “grand son / grand daughter.” This demonstrates how one chart answers multiple relation and counting questions.

6. 20:00 – 25:00 20:00-25:00

   A new whiteboard problem appears beneath “Que: A is father of B, B is brother of C, C is daughter of R,” with sub-questions a) through e) about males, females, and how R is related to A, B, C; an Infosys logo sits top right. The instructor works through the statements to build the corresponding chart, reinforcing the step-by-step method of converting each sentence into a parent-child or sibling link before answering the sub-questions. This bridges general relation questions to the coded format introduced next.

7. 25:00 – 30:00 25:00-30:00

   A slide titled “Coded Blood Relation” lists symbol meanings: “A + B means A is father of B,” “A - B means A is mother of B,” “A * B means A is brother of B,” “A / B means A is sister of B,” and “A @ B means A is daughter of B.” The next frame shows “Que. P + Q * R - S” with parts a) How is P related to S and b) How is S related to P, each marked with a checkmark, alongside the same code list and a Cognizant logo. The instructor adds red handwritten cues: “* , / → same generation,” “+ , - → upper,” and “@ → down” to map symbols to generations.

8. 30:00 – 35:00 30:00-35:00

   The instructor decodes “P + Q * R - S” step by step, drawing a vertical line from P down to Q with gender symbols (male/female), then a double line from Q to R indicating siblings, and “S (m/f)” below R connected by a single line as R’s child. A boxed note reads “maternal grandfather,” identifying P’s relationship to S based on the gender of the intermediate parent. The method emphasizes assigning genders, interpreting double lines as sibling links and single lines as parent-child links, then naming the final relation precisely.

9. 35:00 – 40:00 35:00-40:00

   A multiple-choice question appears: “Que. P is father of S. Find the correct option,” with five coded options and the same symbol legend, alongside a Tech Mahindra logo. Handwritten X marks appear beside options a, b, and c, with an arrow leading to the written expression “Q - P + R * S” above circled numbers. The instructor points with a marker to a vertical diagram of “P +” over “S,” while the expression’s circled numbers include a small smiley face on the last circle. This demonstrates eliminating incorrect coded options by checking whether each expression reproduces the stated relation.

10. 40:00 – 45:00 40:00-45:00

    The question switches to “Que. P is husband of S. Find the correct option,” with options like “S*P+R-Q” and an Infosys logo, while the instructor writes at the left. The same elimination approach applies: each candidate expression is decoded against the legend and tested for whether it yields P as husband of S. The segment reinforces that coded MCQs require both symbol-to-relation translation and gender consistency before selecting the correct option.

11. 45:00 – 50:00 45:00-50:00

    The topic shifts to “Indicating Blood Relation.” A question reads: “Pointing towards the lady, Raj said: ‘She is the only daughter of my wife's grandfather's only son’.” The instructor writes “lady” and circles it, then writes “Raj - wife” to start a relationship diagram. Key phrases in the question text are circled, showing the technique of anchoring on the speaker (Raj), his wife, and then walking backward through “grandfather's only son” to locate the lady’s position in the family tree.

12. 50:00 – 55:00 50:00-55:00

    Continuing the indicating blood relation method, the instructor completes the diagram for Raj’s statement by tracing “my wife's grandfather's only son” to identify the lady as a daughter of that son, then states her relation to Raj. The emphasis is on breaking the long statement into smaller relationship steps and identifying the specific person being asked about relative to the reference point (Raj). This prepares for a similar statement-based question involving Sarita and Neha.

13. 55:00 – 60:00 55:00-60:00

    A new question appears with an Accenture logo: “Sarita said, ‘She is the mother of Neha whose father is my son’.” The instructor begins drawing a family tree showing Sarita’s son and Neha, using arrows to map the relationships. The final frame introduces a slide titled “Puzzle Type Questions” with a complex family scenario involving six people, beginning with the clue “M is the son of N, but N is not the mother of M.” This marks the transition from single-statement indicating questions to multi-clue puzzles.

14. 60:00 – 65:00 60:00-65:00

    The six-person puzzle states: “A family consists of six people: L, M, N, O, P and Q,” with clues “M is the son of N, but N is not the mother of M,” “P is the brother of N,” “O is the daughter of L,” and “Q is the brother of L.” The instructor constructs a two-generation diagram, identifying N as father of M and L as mother, with P as their brother. He then deduces O is the daughter of L and Q is her brother, establishing M and O as siblings. Each person is marked with + or - for gender, and the two generations are circled to separate them visually.

15. 65:00 – 70:00 65:00-70:00

    A final blood-relation puzzle is presented with clues: “Shobha is the niece of Ashish,” “Ashish's mother is Priya,” “Kamla is Priya's mother,” “Kamla's husband is Hari,” and “Krishna is the mother in law of Hari.” The question asks, “How is Shobha related to Hari?” The instructor writes Priya and Ashish on the whiteboard, adds Shobha as a child of Ashish and an unknown partner marked M/F, then writes Kamla as Priya’s mother and Hari as Kamla’s husband. Labels “Paternal” and “Maternal” appear, guiding the distinction needed to name Shobha’s exact relation to Hari.

16. 70:00 – 71:51 70:00-71:51

    The video concludes the Shobha/Ashish/Priya/Kamla/Hari puzzle by completing the family tree and identifying Shobha’s relation to Hari based on whether the link is paternal or maternal. The final frame shows a transition screen with an abstract orange line design, signaling the end of this segment. The overall lesson progression moves from a relationship riddle through generation concepts, chart drawing, coded symbols, indicating statements, and multi-clue puzzles, giving students a structured toolkit for blood-relation aptitude questions.

The lecture builds a complete method for solving blood-relation aptitude questions. It starts by classifying problems into General, Coded Blood Relation, Indicating Blood Relation, and Puzzle Type. The core concept is generation mapping: grandparents above the parent generation, siblings/spouse in one’s own generation, and children below. Direct relations (father-son, father-daughter, husband-wife) are distinguished from indirect ones (brother-sister, sister-sister leading to nephew/niece/aunt/uncle), and paternal versus maternal paths are tracked carefully. The instructor demonstrates chart drawing with a worked example (A father of B, etc.), showing how one diagram answers multiple sub-questions about relations and counts. Coded blood relation is then introduced with a fixed symbol legend (+ father, - mother, * brother, / sister, @ daughter) and generation shortcuts (*,/ same generation; +,- upper; @ down). Worked expressions like P + Q * R - S are decoded into trees, and MCQ variants require eliminating options that fail gender or relation checks. Indicating blood relation problems are solved by anchoring on the speaker and walking through each phrase, as in Raj’s lady and Sarita/Neha. Finally, puzzle-type questions with multiple clues (six-person L–Q family; Shobha/Ashish/Priya/Kamla/Hari) are solved by building a two-generation diagram, marking genders with +/−, and deducing the asked relation. The recurring technique is: convert every statement into a chart link, mark genders and generations, then read the final relation from the diagram.