Structure of operating system

Duration: 5 min

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Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. Quantitative Aptitude: Ratio and Proportion (Ratios), Data Interpretation, Mixture and Alligation, Permutation and Combination, Number System, Sequence and Series (Series), Speed Time and Distance, Speed Mathematics and Basic Mathematics, Algebra, Percentage, Profit and Loss, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Time and Work, Mensuration and Geometry, Partnership
  2. Reasoning Ability: Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Coding Decoding, Data Sufficiency, Seating Arrangements, Deductive and Inductive Reasoning (Logical Deduction and Induction) (Prepositional Reasoning), Directions (Direction Test), Ranking, Order and Sequence, Syllogisms, Blood Relations, Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Inequality, Machine Input-Output
  3. English Language: Vocabulary, Noun, Subject Verb Agreement (Verb Noun Agreement), Adjectives, Tenses, Comprehension / Reading Comprehension / Unseen Passages (Critical Reasoning) (Paragraph Questions), Cloze Test (Cloze Passage), Sentence Correction (Error Correction), Sentence Completion (Fill in the blanks), Sentence Re-arrangements (Para Jumbles) (Narrative Sequencing), Sentence Construction, Pronoun, Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb, Verb, Modals, Articles, Determiner, Interjection
  4. General Awareness: Evolution of Indian Banking (Banking & Financial Awareness), GK- Current Affairs, Static General Knowledge, Indian Economy
  5. C Concepts + MCQs (IT Specialist): C Programming by Yash Sir, C Language Core
  6. Java (IT Specialist): Java
  7. Python (IT Specialist): Python for Placements by Yash Sir, Python Basics
  8. OOPs (IT Specialist): Object Oriented Programming (OOPS)
  9. DBMS (IT Specialist): Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, Relational Calculus, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control, Database Recovery, ORDBMS, Database Security & Authorization, Query Processing & Optimization, Enhanced Data Models, Data Warehousing & Mining, Big Data Systems, NoSQL
  10. SQL (IT Specialist): SQL
  11. Software Engineering (IT Specialist): Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Software Requirements and Quality Assurance, Software Design, Estimation and Metrics, Software Testing, Software Maintenance and Configuration Management
  12. Data Structure (IT Specialist): Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing
  13. Operating System (IT Specialist): Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Deadlock, Threads & Process Creation, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Windows OS, Linux OS, Security, Distributed Systems, Virtual Machines
  14. Compiler Design (IT Specialist): Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization, Run Time Environment
  15. Computer Architecture (IT Specialist): Basics of COA, Floating Point Rep, Cache Memory Organization, Input Output Organisation, Pipelining, Instr Formats & Modes, Control Unit Design, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Multiprocessors, Programming the Basic Computer
  16. Data Communication & Networking (IT Specialist): Introduction to CN, Data Communication, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer, Hardware basics, Network Security
  17. Descriptive Test (Main Exam): English Writing Ability
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

The video lecture covers the "Structure of Operating System," contrasting the "Simple Structure" with the "Layered Approach." The instructor explains that while partitioning tasks into modules is common, many systems like MS-DOS evolved from simple beginnings without strict structures. He then details the layered approach, where the OS is broken into pieces with hardware at the bottom and the user interface at the top, utilizing information hiding for modularity.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The instructor starts by reading from the slide titled "Structure of Operating System." He discusses the first bullet point about partitioning tasks into modules. He then focuses heavily on the "Simple Structure" section. He explains that many operating systems do not have well-defined structures and often started as small, simple, and limited systems before growing beyond their original scope. He explicitly mentions "MS-DOS is an example of such a system." To illustrate this, he draws a red diagram on the screen consisting of a large rectangle with smaller rectangles inside, representing a simple, unstructured collection of components. He underlines the phrase "Simple Structure" and the text "MS-DOS" to emphasize these key concepts.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The lecture transitions to the "Layered Approach." The instructor explains that with proper hardware support, operating systems can be broken into pieces while retaining control. He discusses how implementers have more freedom in changing inner workings and creating modular systems. He describes a top-down approach where overall functionality is determined and separated into components. He emphasizes the importance of "information hiding," which leaves programmers free to implement low-level routines. Visually, he draws concentric circles on the slide to represent the layers. He labels the innermost circle "layer 0, hardware" and the outermost circle "layer N, user interface." He draws arrows between the layers to show the flow of control, illustrating how higher layers interact with lower layers.

  3. 5:00 – 5:04 05:00-05:04

    The video ends shortly after the instructor finishes drawing the layered diagram. The slide remains visible, showing the concentric circles labeled "A layered operating system." The instructor is visible in the bottom left corner, gesturing as he concludes his explanation of the layered structure. The text on the slide reinforces that the bottom layer is hardware and the highest layer is the user interface.

The lesson effectively contrasts two structural models: the simple, often unstructured growth of early systems like MS-DOS versus the organized, modular nature of layered systems. The instructor uses visual aids, such as drawing boxes for simple structures and concentric circles for layered systems, to make abstract concepts concrete. The progression moves from the limitations of simple structures to the benefits of the layered approach, such as information hiding and modularity. This provides a foundational understanding of how operating systems are architecturally designed to manage hardware and software resources efficiently.

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