Tree Practice Question

Duration: 2 min

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Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. Quantitative Aptitude: Ratio and Proportion (Ratios), Data Interpretation, Mixture and Alligation, Permutation and Combination, Number System, Sequence and Series (Series), Speed Time and Distance, Speed Mathematics and Basic Mathematics, Algebra, Percentage, Profit and Loss, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Time and Work, Mensuration and Geometry, Partnership
  2. Reasoning Ability: Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Coding Decoding, Data Sufficiency, Seating Arrangements, Deductive and Inductive Reasoning (Logical Deduction and Induction) (Prepositional Reasoning), Directions (Direction Test), Ranking, Order and Sequence, Syllogisms, Blood Relations, Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Inequality, Machine Input-Output
  3. English Language: Vocabulary, Noun, Subject Verb Agreement (Verb Noun Agreement), Adjectives, Tenses, Comprehension / Reading Comprehension / Unseen Passages (Critical Reasoning) (Paragraph Questions), Cloze Test (Cloze Passage), Sentence Correction (Error Correction), Sentence Completion (Fill in the blanks), Sentence Re-arrangements (Para Jumbles) (Narrative Sequencing), Sentence Construction, Pronoun, Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb, Verb, Modals, Articles, Determiner, Interjection
  4. General Awareness: Evolution of Indian Banking (Banking & Financial Awareness), GK- Current Affairs, Static General Knowledge, Indian Economy
  5. C Concepts + MCQs (IT Specialist): C Programming by Yash Sir, C Language Core
  6. Java (IT Specialist): Java
  7. Python (IT Specialist): Python for Placements by Yash Sir, Python Basics
  8. OOPs (IT Specialist): Object Oriented Programming (OOPS)
  9. DBMS (IT Specialist): Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, Relational Calculus, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control, Database Recovery, ORDBMS, Database Security & Authorization, Query Processing & Optimization, Enhanced Data Models, Data Warehousing & Mining, Big Data Systems, NoSQL
  10. SQL (IT Specialist): SQL
  11. Software Engineering (IT Specialist): Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Software Requirements and Quality Assurance, Software Design, Estimation and Metrics, Software Testing, Software Maintenance and Configuration Management
  12. Data Structure (IT Specialist): Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing
  13. Operating System (IT Specialist): Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Deadlock, Threads & Process Creation, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Windows OS, Linux OS, Security, Distributed Systems, Virtual Machines
  14. Compiler Design (IT Specialist): Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization, Run Time Environment
  15. Computer Architecture (IT Specialist): Basics of COA, Floating Point Rep, Cache Memory Organization, Input Output Organisation, Pipelining, Instr Formats & Modes, Control Unit Design, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Multiprocessors, Programming the Basic Computer
  16. Data Communication & Networking (IT Specialist): Introduction to CN, Data Communication, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer, Hardware basics, Network Security
  17. Descriptive Test (Main Exam): English Writing Ability
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

The video presents an academic lecture analyzing a C function operating on a binary tree structure. The instructor displays a multiple-choice question asking for the function's behavior. The code defines a recursive function `fun` that returns 0 for NULL roots and leaf nodes, but returns `1 + fun(left) + fun(right)` for other nodes. The options suggest the function counts leaf nodes, internal nodes, returns height, or returns diameter. The instructor methodically evaluates the code against these options to determine the correct answer.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The instructor introduces the problem, displaying the code snippet `int fun(struct node *root)`. He underlines the recursive line `return 1 + fun(root->left) + fun(root->right)`. He draws a small tree diagram with a root and two children to test the logic. He points out that the condition `if (root->left == NULL && root->right == NULL)` returns 0, which contradicts option (A) "Counts leaf nodes" since leaves would return 0 instead of 1. He begins to hypothesize that the function might be counting internal nodes based on the `1 +` addition. He also briefly considers option (C) regarding height but dismisses it because height usually involves `max`, not `sum`.

  2. 2:00 – 2:25 02:00-02:25

    The instructor focuses on the return value `1` in the recursive step. He traces the execution for the drawn tree: the root is not a leaf, so it returns `1 + fun(left) + fun(right)`. Since the children are leaves, their function calls return 0. Thus, the total is `1 + 0 + 0 = 1`. This confirms the function counts the root as one internal node. He explicitly crosses out options (A), (C), and (D), concluding that the function counts internal nodes, making (B) the correct answer. He emphasizes that the summation `fun(left) + fun(right)` aggregates the counts from subtrees.

The lesson progresses from code analysis to logical deduction using a concrete example. By observing that leaf nodes return 0 and internal nodes add 1 to the sum of their subtrees, the instructor proves the function calculates the total count of internal nodes in the binary tree. This method of tracing base cases and recursive steps is a standard technique for analyzing tree algorithms.

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