What is Operating System

Duration: 10 min

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Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. About Course: About the Course
  2. Paper 1 | General Studies: State Wise GK
  3. Paper 1 | Information and Communication Technology: Role of Internet and Web Services, Security in Mobile and Wireless Computing
  4. Paper 1 | Current Affairs: GK- Current Affairs
  5. Paper 2 | Discrete Mathematical Structure: Digital Systems & Boolean Basics, Logic Gates & Hardware, Boolean Expression, Boolean Minimization, Set Theory, Relations, Functions, Graph Theory, Group Theory, Propositional and Predicate Logic, Probability
  6. Paper 2 | Digital Computer Organization And Architecture: Number System, Number Representation, Sequential Circuits, Combinational Circuit, Basics of COA, Floating Point Rep, Cache Memory Organization, Input Output Organisation, Pipelining, Instr Formats & Modes, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Control Unit Design, Programming the Basic Computer
  7. Paper 2 | C Programming: C Fundamentals, Control Flow, Functions, Arrays & Pointers, Storage Classes, Structures & Enums, DMA, Macros, Scoping & File Handling
  8. Paper 2 | Programming Languages & Object-Oriented Programming Concepts: Java, OOPS with C++, Java Fundamentals, Array, String, IO & References
  9. Paper 2 | Python: Introduction to Python, Tokens, Variables, Data Types, I/O, Operators & Expressions, Control Flow & Looping, Collections & Strings, Functions & Modules, File Handling & Data Analysis
  10. Paper 2 | Data Structure And Algorithms: Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing, Algorithm Analysis, Time Complexity Analysis, Sorting Algorithms, Greedy Algorithms, Minimum Spanning Trees, Advanced Algorithms
  11. Paper 2 | Operating System: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Deadlock, Threads & Process Creation, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Unix OS
  12. Paper 2 | Theory Of Computation: Introduction to TOC, Deterministic FA (DFA), Non-Deterministic FA, Regular Expressions, Grammar, Regular Language Properties, Moore & Mealy Machines, Pushdown Automata & CFG, Turing Machines, Complexity Theory
  13. Paper 2 | Compiler Design: Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization, Run Time Environment
  14. Paper 2 | Database Management System: Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, Relational Algebra, SQL, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control, Database Recovery, Database Security & Authorization, Enhanced Data Models
  15. Paper 2 | Computer Network And Information Security: Introduction to CN, Data Communication, Application Layer, Hardware basics, Cyber Threats and Malware Attacks, Network Security, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP
  16. Paper 2 | Software Engineering: Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Software Requirements and Quality Assurance, Software Design, Estimation and Metrics, Software Testing, Software Maintenance and Configuration Management
  17. Paper 2 | Current Trends & Technologies: Emerging Tech Trends, Approaches to AI, Search Algorithms, Game Playing, Knowledge Representation, Planning, Multi Agent Systems, Fuzzy Sets, Natural Language Processing, Artificial Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Data Warehousing & Mining, Electronic Data Interchange and E-Commerce, Terms & Abbreviations
  18. Paper 2 | Full Length Mock Tests:
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

This lecture introduces the fundamental concept of an operating system (OS) as a core component of computer architecture. The instructor begins by defining the OS as an interface between the user and the core machine, using real-world analogies such as a car's steering wheel, a fan switch, and electronic device buttons to illustrate how an interface mediates interaction. The lecture then transitions to a formal definition, describing the OS as a program or system software that acts as an intermediary between users and hardware. A key role of the OS is presented as a resource manager or allocator, which controls and coordinates hardware resources like CPU time, memory, and system buses among various application programs. The lecture concludes by presenting an abstract view of a computer system, showing the layered architecture where hardware sits at the base, the OS acts as a platform above it, and user applications and compilers reside on top. Market share data for personal computer operating systems (Windows 82.7%, Mac 13.23%, Linux) and mobile phone operating systems (Android 87.5%, iOS 12.1%) is provided to contextualize real-world examples.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The lecture opens with a numbered agenda list on the left side of the screen, covering topics from 'What is Operating System' through 'Micro-Kernel approach' and 'System call.' The instructor introduces the core concept by displaying a slide titled 'What is Operating System,' which states that whatever is used as an interface between the user and the core machine is the OS. Real-world examples are shown, including a car steering wheel marked with red arrows, a ceiling fan next to a hand holding a remote circled in red, and a microwave oven. The instructor poses the guiding question of why an operating system is needed, answering that it enables everybody to use hardware in a convenient and efficient manner.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The instructor continues explaining the interface concept using the same slide with the Ford steering wheel, ceiling fan remote, and electronic button panel. The lecture then transitions to a new slide titled 'Definition of Operating System,' which formally defines the OS as a program or system software that acts as an intermediary between the user and hardware. A cartoon boy and desktop computer are shown beside this definition. The instructor hand-draws a box labeled 'OS' with arrows connecting the user side to the computer, visually illustrating its intermediary role. This section bridges the intuitive interface analogy with a more technical software definition.

  3. 5:00 – 9:32 05:00-09:32

    The lecture introduces the OS as a 'Resource Manager/Allocator,' listing CPU time, memory, and system buses as managed resources, paired with a multi-armed manager graphic on a teal background. The slide states that the OS controls and coordinates the use of resources among various application programs. An 'Abstract View of a Computer System' is then presented, showing a layered architecture with Computer Hardware at the base, Operating System in the middle as a platform, and user applications and compilers above. The section concludes with market share examples: for personal computers, Microsoft Windows (82.7%), Mac (13.23%), and Linux; for mobile phones, Android (87.5%) and iOS (12.1%).

The lecture follows a clear pedagogical progression from intuitive analogy to formal definition to architectural role. It begins by grounding the abstract concept of an OS in familiar physical interfaces (steering wheel, fan switch), making the idea accessible before introducing technical terminology. The transition from 'interface' to 'program or system software' marks the shift from analogy to definition. The resource manager concept then explains the OS's functional purpose, while the layered architecture diagram provides a structural view of where the OS sits in the computer system. The market share data serves as a practical anchor, connecting theoretical concepts to real-world products students encounter daily. The teaching flow moves from what an OS is (interface), to how it is defined (system software), to what it does (resource management), and finally where it fits (layered architecture).

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