Quick Revision, Short Tricks & Questions

Duration: 1 hr 1 min

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Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. Paper - 1 | Unit - 1 | Teaching Aptitude: Concept and Objectives of Teaching / शिक्षण की अवधारणा एवं उद्देश्य, Levels of Teaching / शिक्षण के स्तर, Learner's Characteristics / शिक्षार्थी की विशेषताएँ, Learning: Nature and Theories / अधिगम: प्रकृति एवं सिद्धांत, Cognition, Memory and Metacognition / संज्ञान, स्मृति एवं अधिसंज्ञान, Factors Affecting Teaching / शिक्षण को प्रभावित करने वाले कारक, Effective Teaching and the Teacher / प्रभावी शिक्षण एवं शिक्षक, Instructional Objectives and Lesson Planning / अनुदेशनात्मक उद्देश्य एवं पाठ नियोजन, Methods of Teaching / शिक्षण विधियाँ, Offline and Online Teaching Methods / ऑफ़लाइन एवं ऑनलाइन शिक्षण विधियाँ, Teaching Support System / शिक्षण सहायक प्रणाली, Evaluation Systems / मूल्यांकन प्रणाली
  2. Paper - 1 | Unit - 2 | Research Aptitude: Research: Meaning, Features and Scientific Method / अनुसंधान: अर्थ, लक्षण व वैज्ञानिक विधि, Research Paradigms and Approaches / अनुसंधान के प्रतिमान एवं उपागम, Types of Research / अनुसंधान के प्रकार, Variables and Measurement / चर एवं मापन, Methods of Research / अनुसंधान की विधियाँ, Steps of Research / अनुसंधान के चरण, Sampling / प्रतिचयन, Tools and Methods of Data Collection / आँकड़ा संग्रह के उपकरण एवं विधियाँ, Data Analysis and Statistics in Research / आँकड़ा विश्लेषण एवं शोध सांख्यिकी, Thesis and Article Writing / शोध-प्रबंध एवं लेख लेखन, Application of ICT in Research / अनुसंधान में ICT का अनुप्रयोग, Research Ethics / शोध नैतिकता
  3. Paper - 1 | Unit - 3 | Comprehension: Literal Comprehension, Vocabulary and Language in Context, Inferential Comprehension, Critical Comprehension, Comprehension / Reading Comprehension / Unseen Passages (Critical Reasoning) (Paragraph Questions)
  4. Paper - 1 | Unit - 4 | Communication: Communication: Meaning, Nature and Process / संचार: अर्थ, प्रकृति एवं प्रक्रिया, Types and Levels of Communication / संचार के प्रकार एवं स्तर, Verbal and Non-verbal Communication / मौखिक एवं अमौखिक संचार, Semiotics and Meaning / संकेत विज्ञान एवं अर्थ, Models and Theories of Communication / संचार के मॉडल एवं सिद्धांत, Effective Communication / प्रभावी संचार, Barriers to Communication / संचार की बाधाएँ, Classroom Communication / कक्षा संचार, Mass Media: Types and Evolution / जनसंचार माध्यम: प्रकार एवं विकास, Mass Media and Society / जनसंचार एवं समाज, Digital and New Media / डिजिटल एवं नव माध्यम, General Awareness (Legacy Paper 1) / सामान्य जागरूकता (पुराना पेपर 1)
  5. Paper - 1 | Unit - 5 | Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude: Number System and Simplification / संख्या पद्धति एवं सरलीकरण, Algebra and Ages / बीजगणित एवं आयु, Percentage / प्रतिशतता, Ratio, Proportion, Partnership and Mixtures / अनुपात, समानुपात, साझेदारी एवं मिश्रण, Averages / औसत, Profit, Loss and Discount / लाभ, हानि एवं बट्टा, Simple and Compound Interest / साधारण एवं चक्रवृद्धि ब्याज, Time and Work / समय एवं कार्य, Speed, Time and Distance / चाल, समय एवं दूरी, Mensuration and Geometry / क्षेत्रमिति एवं ज्यामिति, Series / श्रेणी, Coding-Decoding / कूटलेखन-कूटवाचन, Relationships, Directions and Ranking / संबंध, दिशा एवं क्रम, Arrangements, Puzzles, Clock and Calendar / व्यवस्था, पहेलियाँ, घड़ी एवं कैलेंडर, Mathematical Foundations, Analysis
  6. Paper - 1 | Unit - 6 | Logical Reasoning: Structure of Arguments / युक्ति की संरचना, Terms, Definitions and Uses of Language / पद, परिभाषा एवं भाषा के उपयोग, Categorical Propositions / निरुपाधिक प्रतिज्ञप्तियाँ, Categorical Syllogism / निरुपाधिक न्यायवाक्य, Venn Diagrams / वेन आरेख, Deduction, Induction and Analogy / निगमन, आगमन एवं सादृश्यता, Fallacies / तर्कदोष, Indian Logic: Pramanas / भारतीय तर्कशास्त्र: प्रमाण, Anumana and Vyapti / अनुमान एवं व्याप्ति, Hetvabhasa / हेत्वाभास, Non Verbal Reasoning (Spatial Aptitude) (Spatial Reasoning) (Visual Reasoning), Aristotle / अरस्तू, Western Schools of Philosophy / पाश्चात्य दर्शन की विचारधाराएँ, Kant / कांट, Sadhana Paada / साधनपाद, Vaiśeṣika / वैशेषिक
  7. Paper - 1 | Unit - 7 | Data Interpretation: Data and Graphical Representation / आँकड़े एवं आलेखीय निरूपण, Data Interpretation: Tables / आँकड़ा निर्वचन: तालिका
  8. Paper - 1 | Unit - 8 | Information and Communication Technology: Computer Fundamentals and Hardware, Memory, Storage and Data Representation, Computer Software, Office Applications, Multimedia and File Formats, Computer Networks, Internet and World Wide Web, Email and Online Communication, Cyber Security, Digital Ethics, IPR and Society, Cloud and Distributed Computing, Emerging Technologies, ICT in Education and Governance, Cyber Threats and Malware Attacks, Role of Internet and Web Services, Electronic Data Interchange and E-Commerce, Internet Fundamentals, Web Design & Development, Web Publishing & Hosting, Emerging Technologies, Terms & Abbreviations, Society, Law & Ethics, Keyboard Shortcuts, Website, Browser & Services, Protection of Geographical Indications / भौगोलिक संकेतों का संरक्षण
  9. Paper - 1 | Unit - 9 | People Development and Environment: Ecosystems and Biodiversity / पारितंत्र और जैव विविधता, Human and Environment Interaction / मानव और पर्यावरण की अंतःक्रिया, Development and Environment / विकास और पर्यावरण, Natural Resources – Forests, Water and Soil / प्राकृतिक संसाधन: वन, जल और मृदा, Energy Resources / ऊर्जा संसाधन, Air Pollution / वायु प्रदूषण, Water Pollution and Treatment / जल प्रदूषण और उपचार, Noise Pollution / ध्वनि प्रदूषण, Waste Management / अपशिष्ट प्रबंधन, Environmental Health and Toxicology / पर्यावरणीय स्वास्थ्य और विषविज्ञान, Climate Change and Global Environmental Issues / जलवायु परिवर्तन और वैश्विक पर्यावरणीय समस्याएँ, Natural Hazards and Disaster Management / प्राकृतिक प्रकोप और आपदा प्रबंधन, Indian Environmental Laws and Policies / भारतीय पर्यावरण कानून और नीतियाँ, International Environmental Agreements / अंतर्राष्ट्रीय पर्यावरण समझौते, Environment / पर्यावरण, Geography / भूगोल, Factory and Industry Systems / कारखाना और उद्योग व्यवस्थाएँ, Earth Materials, Surface Features and Processes, Communicable Diseases and Immunization / संक्रामक रोग और प्रतिरक्षण
  10. Paper - 1 | Unit - 10 | Higher Education System: Education in Ancient India / प्राचीन भारत में शिक्षा, Ancient Centres of Higher Learning / प्राचीन भारत के उच्च शिक्षा केंद्र, Colonial Education Policies and Commissions / औपनिवेशिक काल की शिक्षा नीतियाँ और आयोग, Colonial Colleges, Universities and Reformers / औपनिवेशिक कॉलेज, विश्वविद्यालय व सुधारक, Education Commissions and Policies after Independence / स्वतंत्र भारत में शिक्षा आयोग और नीतियाँ, National Education Policy 2020 / राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति 2020, Types of Higher Education Institutions / उच्च शिक्षा संस्थानों के प्रकार, Learning Programmes and Academic Credits / अधिगम कार्यक्रम और अकादमिक क्रेडिट, Professional, Technical and Skill-Based Education / व्यावसायिक, तकनीकी और कौशल आधारित शिक्षा, Value Education and Environmental Education / मूल्य शिक्षा और पर्यावरण शिक्षा, Governance, Administration and Financing / शासन, प्रशासन और वित्तपोषण, Regulation, Accreditation and Ranking / उच्च शिक्षा का नियमन, प्रत्यायन और रैंकिंग, Indian Polity and Governance (Legacy Unit 10) / भारतीय राजव्यवस्था और शासन (पुराना यूनिट 10)
  11. Paper 2 | Unit 1 | Discrete Structures and Optimization: Propositional and Predicate Logic, Set Theory, Relations, Functions, Permutation, Combination and Probability / क्रमचय, संचय एवं प्रायिकता, Graph Theory, Group Theory, Digital Systems & Boolean Basics, Boolean Expression, Boolean Minimization, Optimization, Markov Chains
  12. Paper 2 | Unit 2 | Computer System Architecture: Logic Gates & Hardware, Combinational Circuit, Sequential Circuits, Number System, Number Representation, Floating Point Rep, Basics of COA, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Programming the Basic Computer, Instr Formats & Modes, Control Unit Design, Pipelining, Input Output Organisation, Cache Memory Organization, Multiprocessors
  13. Paper 2 | Unit 3 | Programming Languages and Computer Graphics: Language Design, C Fundamentals, Control Flow, Functions, Arrays & Pointers, Storage Classes, Structures & Enums, DMA, Macros, Scoping & File Handling, HTML Basics, XML, JavaScript-Basics, Java, Basics of Computer Graphics, 2-D Geometrical Transforms and Viewing, 3-D Object Representation, Geometric Transformations and Viewing, OOPS with C++, Java Fundamentals, Array, String, IO & References, OOPS with Java
  14. Paper 2 | Unit 4 | Database Management Systems: Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, SQL, Relational Calculus, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control, Database Recovery, ORDBMS, Database Security & Authorization, Query Processing & Optimization, Enhanced Data Models, Data Warehousing & Mining, Big Data Systems, NoSQL
  15. Paper 2 | Unit 5 | System Software and Operating System: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Threads & Process Creation, Deadlock, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Windows OS, Linux OS, Security, Distributed Systems, Virtual Machines
  16. Paper 2 | Unit 6 | Software Engineering: Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Software Requirements and Quality Assurance, Software Design, Estimation and Metrics, Software Testing, Software Maintenance and Configuration Management
  17. Paper 2 | Unit 7 | Data Structures and Algorithms: Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing, Algorithm Analysis, Time Complexity Analysis, Sorting Algorithms, Greedy Algorithms, Dynamic Programming, Minimum Spanning Trees, Shortest Path Algos, Advanced Algorithms
  18. Paper 2 | Unit 8 | Theory of Computation and Compilers: Introduction to TOC, Deterministic FA (DFA), Non-Deterministic FA, Regular Expressions, Grammar, Regular Language Properties, Moore & Mealy Machines, Pushdown Automata & CFG, Turing Machines, Complexity Theory, Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization, Run Time Environment
  19. Paper 2 | Unit 9 | Data Communication and Computer Networks: Introduction to CN, Data Communication, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer, Hardware basics, Network Security, Cloud Computing, Mobile Computing
  20. Paper 2 | Unit 10 | Artificial Intelligence: Approaches to AI, Search Algorithms, Game Playing, Knowledge Representation, Planning, Multi Agent Systems, Fuzzy Sets, Natural Language Processing, Artificial Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithms
  21. Full Notes: Paper 1 Full Notes
  22. Paper 1 | Full Mock Tests:
  23. Paper 2 | Full Mock Tests:
  24. Paper 1 | Previous Year Papers:
  25. Paper 2 | Previous Year Papers:
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

This video is a comprehensive lecture on calendar problems, a common topic in competitive exams. The instructor begins by establishing the fundamental components of a calendar: a year (365 or 366 days), months, weeks, and days. He then introduces the concept of 'odd days'—the remainder when the total number of days in a period is divided by 7—which is the core method for solving these problems. The lecture systematically covers the rules for identifying leap years, including the special case of century years. The main body of the lesson is structured around different types of questions, categorized by the relationship between the given date and the target date. Category 1 deals with the same month and year, where the instructor demonstrates that the day of the week advances by the number of days between the dates. Category 2 covers the same date and month but different years, requiring the calculation of total odd days over the intervening years. Category 3 involves different months and years, where the instructor uses a method of counting the number of days in each month to find the total offset. Finally, Category 4 presents a more complex scenario where all three elements (day, month, year) are different, and the instructor shows how to break it down into a series of simpler calculations. The video uses a digital whiteboard to clearly illustrate each step, making it a valuable resource for students preparing for exams.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The video opens with a title card for a 'Calendar' lesson. The instructor, Yash Jain Sir, introduces the topic by posing the question: 'On what day does 01 January 1971 lie?'. He then begins to explain the basic structure of a calendar, writing 'Calendar' on the board and listing its components: Year, Months, Weeks, and Days. He explains that a year has 365 days, which is 52 weeks and 1 odd day, and that a leap year has 366 days, which is 52 weeks and 2 odd days.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The instructor continues to build the foundation of the lesson. He explains the concept of 'odd days' in detail, writing '365 | 366' and '7 x 52 = 364' on the board. He clarifies that an ordinary year has 1 odd day and a leap year has 2 odd days. He then introduces the rules for identifying leap years, writing 'Century' and 'Leap Year' on the board and listing examples like 1996, 2019, 1600, and 1700 to demonstrate the rule that a year divisible by 4 is a leap year, except for century years, which must be divisible by 400.

  3. 5:00 – 10:00 05:00-10:00

    The instructor introduces the 'Concept of Odd Days' with a table showing the number of odd days for different century years (e.g., 100 years = 5 odd days, 200 years = 3 odd days). He demonstrates how to calculate the total number of odd days for a given period by breaking it down into centuries and then summing the odd days. He then applies this concept to solve the initial problem, 'On what day does 01 January 1971 lie?', by calculating the total odd days from a known reference point, 1970, to 1971.

  4. 10:00 – 15:00 10:00-15:00

    The instructor moves to a new problem: 'On what day does 14 March 1965 lie?'. He uses the 'Concept of Odd Days' to calculate the total odd days from a known date, 31 December 1964, to 14 March 1965. He breaks down the calculation by month, writing 'Jan 1965 → 31', 'Feb 1965 → 28', and 'March 1965 → 14', and then sums the days to find the total offset. He then uses the total number of odd days to determine the final day of the week.

  5. 15:00 – 20:00 15:00-20:00

    The instructor presents another problem: 'On what day does 22 October 1964 lie?'. He explains that the calculation involves finding the total number of days from a known date, 1 January 1964, to 22 October 1964. He lists the number of days in each month from January to October and sums them up. He then calculates the total number of odd days and uses this to determine the day of the week for 22 October 1964.

  6. 20:00 – 25:00 20:00-25:00

    The instructor introduces a new category of problems: 'Finding Day on a particular Date when Day on some other Date is given'. He presents a problem: '1st October 2010 → Monday, 25th June 2015 → ???'. He explains that this is a 'Category 1' problem, where the month and year are the same, but the date is different. He demonstrates that the day of the week advances by the number of days between the two dates, using the example of 1st March 2011 being a Tuesday.

  7. 25:00 – 30:00 25:00-30:00

    The instructor continues with 'Category 1' problems. He shows a Google search result for 'day of 1 march 2011' to confirm that it was a Tuesday, reinforcing the concept that the day of the week advances by the number of days between the dates. He then moves to 'Category 2', which involves the same date and month but different years. He presents a problem: '5th January 2001 → Monday, 5th January 2007 → ???'. He explains that the solution requires calculating the total number of odd days between the two years.

  8. 30:00 – 35:00 30:00-35:00

    The instructor demonstrates the solution for 'Category 2' problems. He calculates the total number of odd days between 2001 and 2007, noting that there are 6 years, including 1 leap year (2004). He calculates the total odd days as 6 + 1 = 7, which is 0 odd days, meaning the day of the week is the same. He then applies this method to another problem: '15th March 1848 → Monday, 15th March 1862 → ???'. He calculates the number of years (14) and the number of leap years (3), and finds the total odd days to be 14 + 3 = 17, which is 3 odd days, so the day is Thursday.

  9. 35:00 – 40:00 35:00-40:00

    The instructor moves to 'Category 3' problems, which involve different months and years. He presents a problem: '23rd March 2015 → Tuesday, 23rd November 2015 → ???'. He explains that the solution requires calculating the total number of days between the two dates. He lists the number of days in each month from March to November and sums them up. He then calculates the total number of odd days and uses this to determine the day of the week for 23rd November 2015.

  10. 40:00 – 45:00 40:00-45:00

    The instructor continues with 'Category 3' problems. He presents another problem: '16th January 1992 → Monday, 16th December 1992 → ???'. He explains that the solution requires calculating the total number of days between the two dates. He lists the number of days in each month from January to December and sums them up. He then calculates the total number of odd days and uses this to determine the day of the week for 16th December 1992.

  11. 45:00 – 50:00 45:00-50:00

    The instructor introduces 'Category 4' problems, which involve all three elements (day, month, year) being different. He presents a problem: '10th March 2013 → Monday, 27th August 2017 → ???'. He explains that the solution requires breaking the problem down into a series of simpler calculations. He calculates the total number of years, the number of leap years, and the total number of odd days. He then uses this to determine the day of the week for 27th August 2017.

  12. 50:00 – 55:00 50:00-55:00

    The instructor continues with 'Category 4' problems. He presents another problem: '10th March 2013 → Monday, 27th August 2017 → ???'. He explains that the solution requires breaking the problem down into a series of simpler calculations. He calculates the total number of years, the number of leap years, and the total number of odd days. He then uses this to determine the day of the week for 27th August 2017.

  13. 55:00 – 60:00 55:00-60:00

    The instructor concludes the lesson by summarizing the different categories of calendar problems and the methods used to solve them. He emphasizes the importance of understanding the concept of 'odd days' and the rules for identifying leap years. He reiterates that the key to solving these problems is to break them down into manageable parts and use the basic principles of arithmetic and modular arithmetic.

  14. 60:00 – 60:37 60:00-60:37

    The video ends with a 'THANKS FOR WATCHING' message on a blue, abstract background. The instructor's voice is not heard, and the screen is static, indicating the conclusion of the lecture.

This video provides a comprehensive and structured approach to solving calendar problems, which are a common feature in competitive exams. The core of the lesson is the concept of 'odd days,' which is the remainder when the total number of days in a period is divided by 7. The instructor systematically builds the lesson from the basics, starting with the structure of a calendar and the definition of odd days, then moving to the rules for identifying leap years. The main body of the lecture is organized into four distinct categories of problems, each with a specific method of solution. Category 1 deals with the same month and year, where the day of the week advances by the number of days between the dates. Category 2 covers the same date and month but different years, requiring the calculation of total odd days over the intervening years. Category 3 involves different months and years, where the solution is found by summing the days in each month. Finally, Category 4 presents the most complex scenario, where all three elements are different, and the solution requires a multi-step calculation. The instructor uses a digital whiteboard to clearly illustrate each step, making the complex concepts accessible and easy to follow. The video is an excellent resource for students looking to master this topic.

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