Immunity of the external schemas (or application programs) to changes in the…
2018
Immunity of the external schemas (or application programs) to changes in the conceptual schema is referred to as:
- A.
Physical Data Independence
- B.
Logical Data Independence
- C.
Both (a) and (b)
- D.
None of the above
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Correct answer: B
Logical Data Independence refers to the ability of external schemas (application programs) to remain unaffected by changes in the conceptual schema. This means that modifications to the logical structure of the database, such as adding new entities or attributes, do not require changes to user views. In contrast, Physical Data Independence protects external and conceptual schemas from changes in the internal storage structures.
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