The passages given below are followed by a set of questions. Choose the most…

The passages given below are followed by a set of questions. Choose the most appropriate answer to each question

AMONG the several citrus fruits, acid lime is one of the most prolific yielders, and this crop can be profitably grown in the tropical plains and hill slopes with scant water resources. It comes up well in sandy loam rich in organic residues and endowed with adequate drainage. Good quality grafts are ideal for raising a healthy and productive lime garden. The grafts yield true-to-parent plants of high yielding potential and are early bearers. They also bear big fruits all through the year. However, the longevity of the grafts is less as compared with the trees developed from the seeds, according to experts. Seeds extracted from healthy fruits from proven mother plants will develop into robust plants with longer life. The main field should be thoroughly tilled, and ripe farmyard manure should be incorporated well with the final ploughing and land levelling. Green manuring will also help in increasing the soil’s organic matter content, and in improving the soil structure.

A spacing of 6m by 6m is recommended for raising acid lime plantation. Pits of 90m by 90m are to be dug and filled up with adequate quantities of vermin-compost, coir-pith compost and small amounts of powered neem cake and biofertilizers. About 250 plants can be accommodated in a hectare. Regular irrigation is essential in the early stage of crop establishment. Drip irrigation, pitcher irrigation, and micro- sprinklers have been found to give good results, besides saving considerable quantities of water and energy.

In the initial months after planning, sufficient shade should be provided to protect the tender seedlings and grafts from the harsh sun. Planting Sesbania (agathi) around the young plants will be effective in ensuring the required shade, besides enriching the soil. Several annual crops such as pulses and vegetables can be raised as intercrops in the initial years. The plants should be trained to grow vertically by discouraging the lateral shoots and other growths. Regular pruning to get the desired dome-shape should be done when the plants are still young.

The field should be kept free of weed and other unwanted vegetation. Regular manuring should be done twice annually. The nutrients mostly organic in nature should be incorporated at the base of the plants and watered immediately.

The plants particularly respond well to the liberal application of organic amendments. The micro-nutrient deficiencies will not be noticed in acid lime plantations raised with rich organic nutrients. Plant protection is an important aspect of acid lime cultivation. The plants should be sprayed with cow’s urine, vermin-wash and other botanical insecticides to ward of leaf-munching caterpillars and other sucking and chewing pests.

Need-based application after monitoring the field for pest incidence will be rewarding. Spraying should be taken up at an interval of ten days, and it will also improve fruit setting and fruit development. The plants will establish well and start yielding from the second year of planting. Though the fruits can be had all round the year, some major flushes can be harvested in December- January, and July-August seasons.

A well-nurtured grown-up tree can yield as high as 3000 fruits a year. The profit for the growers depends on the season and the prevailing market rate. With an average price of Rs 0.35 a fruit, a farmer can realize about Rs 2.5 lakhs from a hectare of a healthy and well – tended acid lime garden.

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