Which kind of ICT tool is not useful in learner-centred approach?

Answer: Informative / सूचनाात्मक tools Why: A learner-centred approach emphasises active participation, collaboration, knowledge construction and authentic application. Tools that support those processes are preferred. Key features of learner-centred tools: Active learner engagement, collaboration, opportunities to create or apply knowledge, and feedback/reflection.

Why informative tools are less suitable: Informative tools mainly deliver content one-way, encouraging passive reception rather than interactive construction or collaboration.

Examples of informative tools: Static slide decks, PDFs, broadcast lectures or basic content pages that only present facts without interaction.

How they can still be used effectively: When combined with tasks that prompt learners to discuss, apply, reflect or create (for example group projects, quizzes, problem-solving activities), informative materials can serve as useful resources within a learner-centred lesson.