Process State Diagram

Duration: 6 min

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Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. Communication Round: Vocabulary, Subject Verb Agreement (Verb Noun Agreement), Tenses, Comprehension / Reading Comprehension / Unseen Passages (Critical Reasoning) (Paragraph Questions), Cloze Test (Cloze Passage), Sentence Correction (Error Correction), Sentence Completion (Fill in the blanks), Sentence Re-arrangements (Para Jumbles) (Narrative Sequencing), Direct and Indirect Speech, Active Passive Voice (Voice), Verbal Analogy (Word Based Analogy), Articles, Preposition, Conjunction, Sentence Construction, English Writing Ability, Communication Assessment
  2. Quantitative Aptitude: Ratio and Proportion (Ratios), Divisibility Rules, Data Interpretation, Mixture and Alligation, Permutation and Combination, Logarithm, Number System, HCF LCM, Speed Time and Distance, Percentage, Average, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Time and Work, Mensuration and Geometry, Age Problems, Pipe and Cistern, Probability, Profit and Loss, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Algebra
  3. Analytical and Logical Reasoning: Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Coding Decoding, Data Sufficiency, Non Verbal Reasoning (Spatial Aptitude) (Spatial Reasoning) (Visual Reasoning), Directions (Direction Test), Ranking, Order and Sequence, Deductive and Inductive Reasoning (Logical Deduction and Induction) (Prepositional Reasoning), Selection Decision Table (Decision Making), Logical Sequence Of Words, Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Syllogisms, Seating Arrangements, Calendar, Clock, Blood Relations, Cubes & Dices, Venn Diagram, Analytical Reasoning (Counting Figures Reasoning)
  4. Cognizant Gaming Aptitude: Gamified / Game Based Aptitude
  5. Java (Cluster 1): Java
  6. ANSI SQL MySQL (Cluster 1,2,3): SQL
  7. HTML, CSS, JavaScript (Cluster 1,3): HTML, CSS, JavaScript
  8. Python (Cluster 2): Python for Placements by Yash Sir
  9. Cloud Fundamentals (Cluster 2): Emerging Tech Trends
  10. C# (Cluster 3): C#
  11. OOPs: Object Oriented Programming (OOPS)
  12. Technical Assessment (Coding): Coding Questions by Yash Sir, C Programming by Yash Sir, Programming in C++, Pseudo Codes
  13. Data Structures: Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing
  14. DBMS: Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, Relational Calculus, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control, Database Recovery, ORDBMS, Database Security & Authorization, Query Processing & Optimization, Enhanced Data Models, Data Warehousing & Mining, Big Data Systems, NoSQL
  15. Operating Systems: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Deadlock, Threads & Process Creation, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Windows OS, Linux OS, Security, Distributed Systems, Virtual Machines
  16. Computer Networks: Introduction to CN, Data Communication, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer, Hardware basics, Network Security, Mobile Technology, Cloud Computing and IoT, Cyber and Info Security
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

This educational video provides a comprehensive lecture on the Process State Diagram within the context of Operating Systems. The instructor systematically explains the lifecycle of a process, starting from the New state and progressing through Ready, Run, and Wait/Block states. A significant portion of the lecture is dedicated to explaining the Suspend states (Suspend Ready and Suspend Wait) and the concept of swapping processes out of main memory to secondary memory. The instructor uses a digital whiteboard to draw and annotate the state diagram, highlighting specific transitions like Schedule / Dispatch, I/O Request, and Resume. He also draws a supplementary diagram to visualize the interaction between the CPU, Main Memory (MM), and Secondary Memory (SM) during suspension, clarifying how processes are moved between memory levels.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The lecture begins with the fundamental states. The instructor points to the New state and the arrow labeled Schedule / Dispatch which moves a process to Ready. He then discusses the Run state, explaining that a process moves here from Ready via Schedule / Dispatch. He highlights the transition back to Ready caused by Priority / Time quantum or preemption, where the CPU time is exhausted. He also points out the I/O Request transition leading from Run to Wait / Block, indicating the process is waiting for an event like I/O completion. He emphasizes that while in Wait / Block, the process cannot run.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The instructor introduces the concept of suspension to manage memory. He draws a diagram on the right side of the screen showing CPU, MM (Main Memory), and SM (Secondary Memory). He explains that to manage memory, processes in Ready or Wait/Block can be moved to Suspend Ready or Suspend Wait respectively. This is often called swapping out. He points to the Resume transitions that move processes back from Suspend Ready to Ready or from Suspend Wait to Wait / Block. He specifically notes the transition from Suspend Wait to Suspend Ready labeled I/O Completed but still in suspend, explaining that even if I/O is done, the process remains suspended until explicitly resumed.

  3. 5:00 – 5:41 05:00-05:41

    The lecture concludes with the final states. The instructor points to the Terminate state, which is reached from Run upon Completion. He summarizes the entire diagram, emphasizing the difference between a process waiting for I/O (blocking) and a process being moved to disk (suspending). He reinforces the idea that suspension is a mechanism to free up main memory resources for other processes. He gestures towards the Suspend Ready and Suspend Wait states to show they are distinct from the main memory states.

The video effectively breaks down the complex process state diagram into understandable segments. It starts with the basic lifecycle, moves to the critical concept of suspension and swapping, and concludes with the termination state. The visual aids, including the drawn CPU/MM/SM diagram, are crucial for understanding how memory management interacts with process states.

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