7.2 User Defined Functions

Duration: 6 min

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Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. About the Course: About the Course
  2. Section 1 | Language (Hindi): भाषा, लिपि, ध्वनि, वर्ण, अक्षर, स्वर, व्यंजन, मात्रा और संयुक्ताक्षर, वर्तनी, वर्ण-विन्यास, अनुस्वार, अनुनासिक, चंद्रबिंदु और ‘र’ के रूप, शब्द, पद और शब्द-भेद, संज्ञा और सर्वनाम, विशेषण और क्रिया, लिंग, वचन, पुरुष और कारक, काल, वाच्य, वाक्य और वाक्य-भेद, संधि, समास, विलोम शब्द, पर्यायवाची शब्द, सामान्य अशुद्धियाँ, अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द, मुहावरे और लोकोक्तियाँ, अपठित गद्यांश और अपठित पद्यांश, Multi-Topic Content (Cross-Concept Material), वर्णमाला
  3. Section 1 | Language (उर्दू भाषा — 22 प्रश्न (निश्चित)): Spelling & Diacritics, Grammar (اسم, فعل, صفت, ضمیر), Vocabulary, Idioms & Proverbs, Comprehension
  4. Section 1 | Language (বাংলা / बांग्ला भाषा — 22 प्रश्न (निश्चित)): Bangla Script and Sounds, Bangla Grammar and Usage, Bangla Word Formation and Vocabulary, Reading and Text Interpretation
  5. Section 1 | Language (English): Vocabulary, Noun, Subject Verb Agreement (Verb Noun Agreement), Adjectives, Tenses, Pronoun, Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Articles, Determiner, Conjunction, Modals, Active Passive Voice (Voice), Direct and Indirect Speech, Sentence Correction (Error Correction), Sentence Completion (Fill in the blanks), Sentence Construction, Sentence Re-arrangements (Para Jumbles) (Narrative Sequencing), Comprehension / Reading Comprehension / Unseen Passages (Critical Reasoning) (Paragraph Questions), Cloze Test (Cloze Passage), Verbal Analogy (Word Based Analogy), Facts, Inference and Judgements
  6. Section 2 | Primary Maths & Reasoning: Ratio and Proportion (Ratios), Divisibility Rules, Mixture and Alligation, Permutation and Combination, Number System, HCF LCM, Sequence and Series (Series), Speed Time and Distance, Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Coding Decoding, Non Verbal Reasoning (Spatial Aptitude) (Spatial Reasoning) (Visual Reasoning), Percentage, Average, Profit and Loss, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Time and Work, Mensuration and Geometry, Age Problems, Arithmetic, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Algebra, Probability, Trigonometry, Syllogisms, Seating Arrangements, Blood Relations, Directions (Direction Test), Analytical Reasoning (Counting Figures Reasoning), Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Calendar, Clock, Cubes & Dices, Venn Diagram, Data Arrangement, Inequality, Analogy, Ranking, Order and Sequence
  7. Section 2 | General Awareness (GK + Current Affairs): Polity, Physics, Biology, State Wise GK, Chemistry, History, Geography, Indian Economy, Environment, GK- Current Affairs, Static General Knowledge
  8. Section 3 | Computer System and Org. (CSO): Basics of COA, Floating Point Rep, Cache Memory Organization, Instr Formats & Modes, Programming the Basic Computer, Input Output Organisation, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Control Unit Design
  9. Section 3 | Database Management System: Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, SQL, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, Relational Calculus, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control
  10. Section 3 | Operating System: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Threads & Process Creation, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Process Synchronization
  11. Section 3 | Computer Networks: Introduction to CN, Data Communication, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer, Hardware basics
  12. Section 3 | Data Structures: Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing, Algorithm Analysis, Time Complexity Analysis, Sorting Algorithms, Greedy Algorithms, Minimum Spanning Trees, Shortest Path Algos
  13. Section 3 | Theory Of Computation & Compiler Design: Introduction to TOC, Deterministic FA (DFA), Non-Deterministic FA, Regular Expressions, Grammar, Regular Language Properties, Moore & Mealy Machines, Pushdown Automata & CFG, Turing Machines, Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization
  14. Section 3 | Emerging Trends (AI, Societal Ethics & MS Office): Artificial Intelligence, Emerging Tech Trends, Society, Law & Ethics, MS Office Applications
  15. Section 3 | Software Engineering: Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Software Requirements and Quality Assurance, Software Design, Estimation and Metrics, Software Maintenance and Configuration Management, Software Testing
  16. Section 3 | C Programming: C Fundamentals, Control Flow, Functions, Arrays & Pointers, Storage Classes, Structures & Enums, DMA, Macros, Scoping & File Handling
  17. Section 3 | OOPS, C++, JAVA, HTML: OOPS with C++, Java, HTML Basics, CSS
  18. Section 3 | Java: Java Fundamentals, Array, String, IO & References
  19. Section 3 | Python: Introduction to Python, Tokens, Variables, Data Types, I/O, Operators & Expressions, Control Flow & Looping, Collections & Strings, Functions & Modules, File Handling & Data Analysis
  20. Section 3 | Digital Electronics: Digital Systems & Boolean Basics, Logic Gates & Hardware, Boolean Expression, Boolean Minimization, Combinational Circuit, Sequential Circuits, Number System, Number Representation
  21. Section 3 | Multimedia: Multimedia
  22. BPSC Previous Year Papers:
  23. BPSC Full Mock Tests:
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

This video is a comprehensive lecture on user-defined functions in Python, presented by an instructor in front of a digital screen. The lesson begins with an introduction to the concept of user-defined functions, explaining that they are custom functions created by a programmer for specific needs. A central diagram categorizes these functions into four types based on the presence or absence of a return type and arguments: 'With Return Type & with Arguments', 'With Return Type & without Arguments', 'Without Return Type & with Arguments', and 'Without Return Type & without Arguments'. The instructor then provides a detailed, worked example for each of the four types. For the first type, 'With Return Type & with Arguments', a Python function `Exp(x, y)` is defined to calculate `x**y`, which is then called with user inputs. The second type, 'With Return Type & without Arguments', shows a function `Exp()` that takes no parameters but still returns a value. The third type, 'Without Return Type & with Arguments', demonstrates a function `Exp(x, y)` that prints the result directly without returning a value. The final type, 'Without Return Type & without Arguments', shows a function `Exp()` that takes no inputs and prints the result. The video concludes with a 'Thank You' slide, summarizing the key concepts of function definition and calling in Python.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The video opens with a title slide displaying 'User Defined Functions' and the Python logo. The instructor, a man in a black polo shirt, stands in front of a digital screen and begins his lecture. He explains that in Python, users can create their own functions for specific needs, which are known as user-defined functions. He then introduces a central diagram that categorizes these functions into four types based on return type and arguments. The diagram is a flowchart with a main box labeled 'User Defined Function Types' branching into four boxes: 'With Return Type & with Arguments', 'With Return Type & without Arguments', 'Without Return Type & with Arguments', and 'Without Return Type & without Arguments'. The instructor gestures towards the diagram as he explains the classification.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The instructor transitions to the first example, titled 'With Return Type & with Arguments'. The screen displays a code snippet for a function `def Exp(x, y): return x**y`. He explains that this function takes two arguments, `x` and `y`, and returns the result of `x` raised to the power of `y`. He then shows the code for calling the function: `x=int(input('Enter first number:'))`, `y=int(input('Enter second number:'))`, `z=Exp(x,y)`, and `print('Exponential is:', z)`. He demonstrates the output, showing that for inputs 10 and 4, the result is 10000. He then moves to the second example, 'With Return Type & without Arguments'. The code shows `def Exp():` with no parameters, but it still returns a value. He explains that the function takes no arguments but returns a result, which is then printed. He demonstrates this with inputs 15 and 3, resulting in an output of 3375. He then proceeds to the third example, 'Without Return Type & with Arguments'. The code shows `def Exp(x, y): print('Exponential is:', x**y)`, which does not use a `return` statement. He explains that the function prints the result directly. He demonstrates this with inputs 15 and 4, resulting in an output of 50625. Finally, he moves to the fourth example, 'Without Return Type & without Arguments'. The code shows `def Exp():` with no parameters and no return statement, only a print statement. He explains that this function takes no inputs and prints the result directly. He demonstrates this with inputs 8 and 2, resulting in an output of 64.

  3. 5:00 – 6:05 05:00-06:05

    The instructor concludes the lecture by summarizing the four types of user-defined functions. He reiterates the key differences: functions with a return type can be used in expressions and store results, while those without a return type simply perform an action like printing. He emphasizes that the choice of function type depends on the specific programming requirement. The final slide appears with the text 'Thank You...' in white letters on a black background. The instructor gives a final nod, and the video ends.

The video provides a structured and practical lesson on Python's user-defined functions. It begins with a clear conceptual framework, using a classification diagram to organize the four possible function types. The instructor then systematically demonstrates each type with a consistent, real-world example of calculating an exponential. This approach allows students to see the direct impact of the function's return type and argument structure on its behavior and output. The progression from simple to more complex examples, coupled with clear on-screen code and live demonstration, effectively teaches the fundamental principles of function design in Python.

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