Interrupt Initiated IO

Duration: 7 min

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  1. About the Course: About the Course
  2. Section 1 | Language (Hindi): भाषा, लिपि, ध्वनि, वर्ण, अक्षर, स्वर, व्यंजन, मात्रा और संयुक्ताक्षर, वर्तनी, वर्ण-विन्यास, अनुस्वार, अनुनासिक, चंद्रबिंदु और ‘र’ के रूप, शब्द, पद और शब्द-भेद, संज्ञा और सर्वनाम, विशेषण और क्रिया, लिंग, वचन, पुरुष और कारक, काल, वाच्य, वाक्य और वाक्य-भेद, संधि, समास, विलोम शब्द, पर्यायवाची शब्द, सामान्य अशुद्धियाँ, अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द, मुहावरे और लोकोक्तियाँ, अपठित गद्यांश और अपठित पद्यांश, Multi-Topic Content (Cross-Concept Material), वर्णमाला
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  6. Section 2 | Primary Maths & Reasoning: Ratio and Proportion (Ratios), Divisibility Rules, Mixture and Alligation, Permutation and Combination, Number System, HCF LCM, Sequence and Series (Series), Speed Time and Distance, Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Coding Decoding, Non Verbal Reasoning (Spatial Aptitude) (Spatial Reasoning) (Visual Reasoning), Percentage, Average, Profit and Loss, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Time and Work, Mensuration and Geometry, Age Problems, Arithmetic, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Algebra, Probability, Trigonometry, Syllogisms, Seating Arrangements, Blood Relations, Directions (Direction Test), Analytical Reasoning (Counting Figures Reasoning), Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Calendar, Clock, Cubes & Dices, Venn Diagram, Data Arrangement, Inequality, Analogy, Ranking, Order and Sequence
  7. Section 2 | General Awareness (GK + Current Affairs): Polity, Physics, Biology, State Wise GK, Chemistry, History, Geography, Indian Economy, Environment, GK- Current Affairs, Static General Knowledge
  8. Section 3 | Computer System and Org. (CSO): Basics of COA, Floating Point Rep, Cache Memory Organization, Instr Formats & Modes, Programming the Basic Computer, Input Output Organisation, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Control Unit Design
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  10. Section 3 | Operating System: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Threads & Process Creation, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Process Synchronization
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  12. Section 3 | Data Structures: Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing, Algorithm Analysis, Time Complexity Analysis, Sorting Algorithms, Greedy Algorithms, Minimum Spanning Trees, Shortest Path Algos
  13. Section 3 | Theory Of Computation & Compiler Design: Introduction to TOC, Deterministic FA (DFA), Non-Deterministic FA, Regular Expressions, Grammar, Regular Language Properties, Moore & Mealy Machines, Pushdown Automata & CFG, Turing Machines, Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization
  14. Section 3 | Emerging Trends (AI, Societal Ethics & MS Office): Artificial Intelligence, Emerging Tech Trends, Society, Law & Ethics, MS Office Applications
  15. Section 3 | Software Engineering: Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Software Requirements and Quality Assurance, Software Design, Estimation and Metrics, Software Maintenance and Configuration Management, Software Testing
  16. Section 3 | C Programming: C Fundamentals, Control Flow, Functions, Arrays & Pointers, Storage Classes, Structures & Enums, DMA, Macros, Scoping & File Handling
  17. Section 3 | OOPS, C++, JAVA, HTML: OOPS with C++, Java, HTML Basics, CSS
  18. Section 3 | Java: Java Fundamentals, Array, String, IO & References
  19. Section 3 | Python: Introduction to Python, Tokens, Variables, Data Types, I/O, Operators & Expressions, Control Flow & Looping, Collections & Strings, Functions & Modules, File Handling & Data Analysis
  20. Section 3 | Digital Electronics: Digital Systems & Boolean Basics, Logic Gates & Hardware, Boolean Expression, Boolean Minimization, Combinational Circuit, Sequential Circuits, Number System, Number Representation
  21. Section 3 | Multimedia: Multimedia
  22. BPSC Previous Year Papers:
  23. BPSC Full Mock Tests:
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

The video lecture provides a detailed explanation of Interrupt Initiated I/O, a method where I/O devices signal the CPU to initiate data transfer. The instructor begins by defining the process: the CPU executes instructions and checks for interrupts between them. If an interrupt occurs, the CPU decides whether to handle it. A crucial note is that instructions are absolute, meaning partial execution is not possible. The lecture then introduces Interrupt Service Routines (ISRs) as the programs that manage these interrupts. The session transitions to classifying interrupts into two types: Non-vectored, where the location is mutually understood, and Vectored, where the device provides the address. Finally, the lecture addresses priority handling using a hardware solution called Daisy Chaining, illustrated with a diagram of three devices connected in a serial chain to the CPU.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The slide titled 'Interrupt initiated i/o' is displayed. The instructor explains that in this method, the I/O device interrupts the CPU when ready for data transfer. The CPU continues executing instructions and checks for interrupts after each instruction. A key note on the slide states that instructions are absolute in nature, implying no partial execution. The instructor also mentions that every device has a specific program or routine called an ISR (Interrupt Service Routine) to manage the interrupt, which saves CPU time. The text on the slide explicitly mentions 'CPU keep executing instructions and after executing one instruction and before starting another instructions CPU wait and see if there is interrupt or not'.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The slide changes to 'Interrupt can be of two types'. The instructor defines Non-vectored interrupt as having a mutual understanding between CPU and device regarding the routine's location. In contrast, a Vectored interrupt involves the device telling the CPU the address where the routine is stored. The slide also notes that if different I/O devices interrupt simultaneously, the CPU must decide priority. The lecture then introduces a hardware solution known as Daisy Chaining, showing a diagram with Device 1, Device 2, and Device 3 connected in a serial line to the CPU. The text 'H/w solution: - It can be serial or parallel, serial solution is known as Daisy Channing' is visible.

  3. 5:00 – 6:48 05:00-06:48

    The instructor elaborates on the Daisy Chaining diagram, drawing red arrows to trace the signal flow. He explains that the device placed first in the arrangement gets acknowledgment first. If it wants to perform I/O, it puts 0 on the priority outline and places the ISR address on the vector address line. If it does not want to perform I/O, it sets the priority output to 1, passing the chance to the second device. The slide lists advantages such as being simple, easy to use, and relatively fast. The disadvantage noted is that the priority is fixed and cannot be changed even if requirements change. The instructor draws a red arrow from the CPU's INT ACK line back to the first device.

The lecture systematically builds an understanding of interrupt management. It starts with the basic interaction between CPU and I/O devices, emphasizing the non-blocking nature of interrupt-driven I/O compared to polling. It then distinguishes between interrupt types based on address resolution, highlighting the efficiency of vectored interrupts. The final section focuses on the practical hardware implementation of priority resolution through Daisy Chaining. By analyzing the diagram and the instructor's explanation of signal propagation (Interrupt Request and Interrupt Acknowledge), students learn how hardware logic determines which device gets serviced first. The trade-off between simplicity and flexibility (fixed priority) is clearly outlined, providing a complete picture of this specific I/O control method.

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