Computer Instructions

Duration: 3 min

This video lesson is available to enrolled students.

Return to /learn/BIHAR-STET-COMPUTER-SCIENCE-COMPLETE-COURSE/unit-2-coa/programming-the-basic-computer/computer-instruction/asset-computer-instructions after enrolling

Inside: a video lesson and guided study material.

Module outline

  1. About the course: About the Course
  2. Mathematical Aptitude: Number System, HCF LCM, Divisibility Rules, Percentage, Ratio and Proportion (Ratios), Average, Profit and Loss, Time and Work, Mensuration and Geometry, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Speed Time and Distance, Age Problems, Mixture and Alligation, Algebra, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Pipe and Cistern, Trigonometry, Statistics, Data Interpretation, Arithmetic
  3. Logical Reasoning: Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Coding Decoding, Analogy, Blood Relations, Directions (Direction Test), Ranking, Order and Sequence, Non Verbal Reasoning (Spatial Aptitude) (Spatial Reasoning) (Visual Reasoning), Seating Arrangements, Syllogisms, Venn Diagram, Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Logical Sequence Of Words, Deductive and Inductive Reasoning (Logical Deduction and Induction) (Prepositional Reasoning), Analytical Reasoning (Counting Figures Reasoning), Cubes & Dices, Calendar, Clock
  4. General Knowledge: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Geography, Polity, Indian Economy, GK- Current Affairs, Static General Knowledge
  5. Art of Teaching: Nature, Objectives & Characteristics of Teaching, Learners & Learning Process, Factors Affecting Teaching, Methods of Teaching, Classroom Management & Communication, Teaching-Learning Aids & ICT Integration, Evaluation, Assessment & Measurement, Professional Development & Ethics, Policies, Acts & Contemporary Issues, Curriculum & School Environment, Guidance, Counselling & Mental Health, Inclusive Education & Special Needs, Micro-Teaching & Teaching Skills, Lesson Planning
  6. Environmental Science: Environment
  7. Unit 1 | Digital Electronics: Digital Systems & Boolean Basics, Logic Gates & Hardware, Boolean Expression, Boolean Minimization, Combinational Circuit, Sequential Circuits, Number System, Number Representation
  8. Unit 2 | COA: Basics of COA, Floating Point Rep, Cache Memory Organization, Input Output Organisation, Instr Formats & Modes, Control Unit Design, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Programming the Basic Computer
  9. Unit 3 | C Programming: C Fundamentals, Control Flow, Functions, Arrays & Pointers, Storage Classes, Structures & Enums, DMA, Macros, Scoping & File Handling
  10. Unit 3 | Data Structures: Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing
  11. Unit 4 | Algorithms: Algorithm Analysis, Time Complexity Analysis, Sorting Algorithms, Dynamic Programming, Minimum Spanning Trees, Shortest Path Algos, Advanced Algorithms
  12. Unit 5 | Operating System: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Threads & Process Creation, Deadlock, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management
  13. Unit 6 | Database Management System: Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, SQL, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control
  14. Unit 7 | Computer Networks: Introduction to CN, Data Communication, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer
  15. Unit 8 | Software Engineering: Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Software Requirements and Quality Assurance, Software Design, Estimation and Metrics, Software Testing, Software Maintenance and Configuration Management
  16. Unit 9 | Object Oriented Programming: OOPS with C++
  17. Unit 10 | Web Development: HTML Basics, CSS, JavaScript-Basics, XML
  18. Unit 11 | Theory Of Computation: Introduction to TOC, Deterministic FA (DFA), Non-Deterministic FA, Regular Expressions, Grammar, Regular Language Properties, Moore & Mealy Machines, Pushdown Automata & CFG, Turing Machines
  19. Unit 12 | IoT: Emerging Tech Trends, Cloud Computing
  20. Unit 13 | Artificial Intelligence: Approaches to AI, Search Algorithms, Game Playing, Knowledge Representation, Natural Language Processing, Artificial Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithms
  21. Unit 14 | E-Commerce: Electronic Data Interchange and E-Commerce, Role of Internet and Web Services, Security in Mobile and Wireless Computing, Physical Security and Cryptography Basics, Cyber Safety and Security
  22. Unit 15 | Multimedia: Multimedia
  23. Unit 16 | Python: Introduction to Python, Tokens, Variables, Data Types, I/O, Operators & Expressions, Control Flow & Looping, Collections & Strings, Functions & Modules, File Handling & Data Analysis, DSA using Python
  24. Full Length Mock Tests — General Paper:
  25. Full Length Mock Tests — Computer Science (Paper II):
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

The video provides a detailed explanation of a computer's instruction set architecture, focusing on three distinct 16-bit instruction formats. The first part of the lecture, shown in the initial frames, introduces the three formats: memory-reference, register-reference, and input/output. It explains that the 3-bit opcode at the beginning of the instruction determines the format. A memory-reference instruction uses 12 bits for an address and 1 bit for addressing mode (direct or indirect). A register-reference instruction, identified by opcode 111 with a 0 in bit 15, uses 12 bits to specify the operation on the AC register. An input/output instruction, identified by opcode 111 with a 1 in bit 15, uses 12 bits to specify the I/O operation type. The second part of the video transitions to a table that lists the specific instructions. This table, titled 'Hexadecimal code', provides the symbol, hexadecimal code, and description for each instruction. The table is organized by the value of the 'I' bit (0 or 1), which is used for indirect addressing. The instructor highlights several key instructions, such as AND, ADD, LDA, STA, BUN, BSA, and ISZ, explaining their functions like adding a memory word to the AC, loading a memory word, storing content, and branching. The video concludes by showing the complete instruction set, including I/O operations like INP, OUT, SKI, and HLT, which are used for input, output, and halting the computer.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The video begins by introducing the three instruction code formats for a 16-bit computer, as shown in a diagram. The first format, (a) Memory-reference instruction, has a 3-bit opcode (000 through 110) followed by a 12-bit address and a 1-bit addressing mode (I=0 for direct, I=1 for indirect). The second format, (b) Register-reference instruction, is identified by an opcode of 111 with a 0 in bit 15, and uses 12 bits to specify the operation on the AC register. The third format, (c) Input/output instruction, is identified by an opcode of 111 with a 1 in bit 15, and uses 12 bits to specify the type of I/O operation. The on-screen text explicitly states that the remaining 12 bits are used to specify the operation or I/O type.

  2. 2:00 – 2:51 02:00-02:51

    The video transitions to a table titled 'Hexadecimal code' which lists the computer's instructions. The table is organized into columns for Symbol, Hexadecimal code (with sub-columns for I=0 and I=1), and Description. The instructor uses a red pen to highlight and explain several instructions. For example, the AND instruction (0xxx) is described as 'AND memory word to AC'. The ADD instruction (8xxx) is 'Add memory word to AC'. The LDA instruction (2xxx) is 'Load memory word to AC'. The STA instruction (3xxx) is 'Store content of AC in memory'. The BUN instruction (4xxx) is 'Branch unconditionally'. The BSA instruction (5xxx) is 'Branch and save return address'. The ISZ instruction (6xxx) is 'Increment and skip if zero'. The table also includes I/O instructions like INP (F800), OUT (F200), SKI (F100), and HLT (F000).

The lecture systematically builds an understanding of the computer's instruction set. It first establishes the structural foundation by defining the three 16-bit instruction formats based on the opcode, explaining how the remaining bits are allocated for addressing and operation specification. This is followed by a practical application of this structure, where a comprehensive table of instructions is presented. The table provides the symbolic name, hexadecimal representation, and functional description for each instruction, allowing the viewer to see the complete set of operations the computer can perform, from basic arithmetic and data movement to branching and I/O. The progression from format to specific instructions provides a complete picture of the machine's programming interface.

Loading lesson…